First off, remove or seriously restrict veto powers of permanent members. If they must exist, limit the circumstances where they can be used and/or introduce a mechanism to overturn vetoes. Here's how I'd change the composition of the Security Council itself:
(30 members total: 9 permanent members, 1 member selected annually, and 20 members selected once every four years, divided among 4 classes of 5)
permanent seats: 9United States
Great Britain
People's Republic of China
Russia
France
Germany
Brazil
India
Regional seats: 11A member from Eastern Europe (Class A)
A member from Europe (Class C)
A member from Africa (Class A)
A member from Africa (Class C)
A member from Asia (Class A)
A member from Asia (Class B)
A member from Oceania (Class C)
A member from the Eastern Hemisphere (Class B)
A member from the Western Hemisphere (Class A)
A member from the Western Hemisphere (Class C)
A member from the Arab World (Class B)
Automatic Seats: 5 (all Class D)
(Automatically filled in descending order, selected among all member states who have not served on the UNSC in 4+ years. Selected countries can turn down the seats if desired).
Member with the largest population
Member with the greatest total financial contribution to the UN over the past decade
Member with the greatest per-capita financial contribution to the UN over the past decade
Member currently contributing the greatest number of UN peacekeeping troops
Member allocating the greatest percentage of national budget for nonmilitary foreign aid
Various Seats: 5Member elected by all living Nobel Peace Prize Laureates (Class B)
Member elected by General Assembly with no region requirement (Class A)
Member elected by General Assembly with no region requirement (Class C)
Member chosen by Secretary General picking a random name out of a hat (Class B)
Member elected by the other 29 members of the Security Council (selected annually)
(this was a fun, if meaningless, exercise
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