List of Alternate Presidents

[TNF]

Presidents of the United States

32. Franklin Roosevelt (D-NY): 1933-1945
33. James Byrnes (D-SC): 1945-1953
34. Dwight Eisenhower (D-NY): 1953-1961
35. Mike Mansfield (American Labor-MT): 1961-1963
36. Paul Douglas (American Labor-IL): 1963-1969
37. Richard Nixon (D-CA): 1969-1974
38. George Wallace (D-AL): 1974-1977
39. Jay Rockefeller (American Labor-WV): 1977-1981
40. Ronald Reagan (D-CA): 1981
41. Lloyd Bentsen (D-TX): 1981-1989
42. George Bush (D-CT): 1989-1993
43. Michael Dukakis (American Labor-MA): 1993-2001
44. Al Gore (D-TN): 2001
45. Jack Danforth (D-MO): 2001-2009
46. Barack Obama (American Labor-IL): 2009-

Vice Presidents of the United States
32. John Garner (D-TX): 1933-1941
33. William Bankhead (D-AL): 1941-1944
34. James Byrnes (D-SC): 1944-1945
35. Alben Barkley (D-KY): 1949-1953
36. John Sparkman (D-AL): 1953-1961
37. Paul Douglas (American Labor-IL): 1961-1963
38. Eugene McCarthy (American Labor-MN): 1965-1969
39. George Wallace (D-AL): 1969-1974
40. Frank Church (American Labor-ID): 1977-1981
41. Lloyd Bentsen (D-TX): 1981
42. George Bush (D-CT): 1981-1989
43. Al Gore (D-TN): 1989-1993
44. Jesse Jackson (American Labor-SC): 1993-2001
45. Jack Danforth (D-MO): 2001
46. John Edwards (D-NC): 2001-2009
47. Bill Richardson (American Labor-NM): 2009-

[TNF]

The GOP in that TL got wiped out by the Depression.

[TNF]

1. George Washington (I-VA) 1789-1799 [1]
John Adams (F-MA), Acting President 1799-1801
2. John Adams (F-MA) 1801-1809 [2]
3. Charles Pinckney (F-SC) 1809-1825
4. Andrew Jackson (Peoples'-TN) 1825-1837
5. Martin Van Buren (Peoples'-NY) 1837-1861
6. George L. Nord (Peoples'-Jefferson) 1861-1865 [3]
William Mulligan (Peoples'-IL) Acting President 1865-1867
7. Charles L. Silverman (Conservative-South California) 1867-1871
8. Robert N. Summer (National Union-West Florida) 1871-1883 [4]
Archibald Heikkinen (Independent-Platte) Acting 1883-1885
9. Lloyd Douglas (Radical-FL) 1885-1893
10. Richard Reynolds (National Party-Jefferson) 1893-1905
11. George Lehman (Conservative Peoples'-NY) 1905-1917
12. Lawrence A. Heigland (Radical-Wabash) 1917-1921
13. Daniel Edmunds (National Party-MD) 1921-1929
14. Bryan McLaughlin (Conservative Peoples'-GA) 1929-1933 [5]
15. Joseph Jackson (National Party-NJ) 1933-1937
16. Eugene Young (Radical-West FL) 1937-1941
17. Mateo Camacho (Radical-PA) 1941-1945
18. Richard Bond (National Party-Platte) 1945-1949
19. Christian Turner (National Party-San Francisco) 1949-1955 [6]
20. William Hale (Radical-NJ) 1955-1961
21. Nelson Pitino (Radical-SC) 1961-1967
22. Francis Wright (National Party-Van Buren) 1967-1973
23. Lawrence George (Radical-Arkansaw) 1973-1979
24. Anthony Flynn (Social Democratic and Labor Party-VA) 1979-1985
25. Scott Matlock (Radical-MD) 1985-1991
26. Victoria Adams (Radical-South California) 1991-1997
27. Marion Fernandez (Radical-NY) 1997-2003
28. William Ordonez (Radical-OH) 2003-2007 [7]
Margaret Russo (I-FL) Acting 2007 [8]
Timothy Weinberg (I-NC) Acting 2007-2012 [9]
29. Timothy Weinberg (National Front for the Restoration of the Homeland-NC) 2012- (Disputed legitimacy)

[1] Died in office.
[2] No electoral college majority in 1804 results in Adams being re-elected by the House.
[3] Assassinated.
[4] Overthrown in a military coup.
[5] Presidency limited to a single-term by constitutional amendment.
[6] Presidency extended to six year term.
[7] Killed during the outbreak of the American Civil War in 2007 in a military coup.
[8] Disputed. Killed upon being captured by rebel forces during the Siege of Panama.
[9] Refused to sign the peace establishing the end of the conflict with rebel forces in 2011. Has since maintained himself to be the legitimate leader of the United States in exile since 2012.

[TNF]

29. Warren G. Harding (R-OH) 1921-1923*
30. Irvine Lenroot (R-WI) 1923-1925
31. William G. McAdoo (D-CA) 1925-1929
32. Alfred E. "Al" Smith (D-NY) 1929-1937
33. Franklin D. Roosevelt (D-NY) 1937-1942*
34. Harold Stassen (R-MN) 1942-1945**
35. Thomas E. Dewey (R-NY) 1945-1949
36. Dwight D. Eisenhower (D-NY) 1949-1955***
37. Harold Stassen (R-NY) 1955-1960****
38. Barry Goldwater (R-AZ) 1960-1965*****
39. George McGovern (Labor-SD) 1965-1973******
40. Barry Goldwater (R-AZ) 1973-1975*******
41. Richard Nixon (R-CA) 1975-1977********
42. Gerald Ford (R-MI) 1977-1983*********
43. George H.W. Bush (R-TX) 1983-1985
44. Glenn Giffords (LAB-MD) 1985-1993**********
45. John Smith (R-OH) 1993-1997
46. Glenn Giffords (LAB-MD) 1997-1999***********
47. John Kennedy (LAB-IN) 1999-2001************
48. Christopher Engle (R-FL) 2001-2011***********

*Died in office
**Ran on a national unity ticket with Franklin Roosevelt in the 1940 Presidential Election.
***Resigned to avoid being impeached following the revelation that his administration was funding clandestine anti-communist groups abroad in defiance of a Congressional ban on such funding.
****Happened to be serving as Secretary of State under Eisenhower when Eisenhower resigned the Presidency. Eisenhower's Vice President had previously suffered a stroke and died shortly thereafter, leaving the office vacant and allowing for former President Stassen to return to his former position in 1955, making him the second President since Grover Cleveland to serve a non-consecutive term, and the only to have ever served two non-consecutive terms while not having been elected to the office itself. Stassen would go on to win the Presidency in his own right in 1956, only to die in office during a bombing raid during the Second Great War.
*****Goldwater, the sitting Secretary of War, was the highest ranking member of the executive branch left standing following the bombing of Washington in 1960. He would see through the conclusion of the Second Great War, and, in spite of his popularity as a wartime leader, would ultimately lose in a landslide in the 1964 Presidential Election.
******First member of the Labor Party elected President, McGovern would oversee the creation of the modern American welfare state.
*******Goldwater would ride anti-communist hysteria to the White House in 1972, defeating McGovern's bid for a third term in the process. His administration would see the expansion of American space forces and the reinforcement of fragile US colonial possessions on the Moon and Mars, heightening tensions with the Union of Council Socialist Republics. He would likewise suffer a heart attack in 1975 and die in office shortly after christening the first US ship bound for the moons of Jupiter.
********Secretary of State Richard Nixon would ultimately succeed Goldwater and hoped to make the Presidency the capstone of an otherwise illustrious career in diplomacy. He had been, after all, the man responsible for the negotiation of the (rather tenuous) alliance between the United States and the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. Nevertheless, his Presidency would largely be remembered on account of a massive foreign policy flop: the struggle by Lunar Americans for independence. His insistence on holding on to the rogue territories (which complicated matters by declaring themselves not only independent, but also communists) would lead to a quagmire of epic proportions, eventually forcing Nixon out of the 1976 Presidential Election in an attempt by Republicans to save face.
*********Ford, the former Continental Football League champion turned Republican politician, would inherit the foreign policy mess created by the Goldwater and Nixon administrations and attempt to settle it on his own terms. Ultimately deciding that the rebellious lunar territories weren't worth American blood or treasure, he ceased operations on the Moon for the time being, preferring to attempt economic strangulation instead. For his efforts Ford was re-elected in 1980 over a lackluster challenge from the Labor Party. The economy was in an upswing, with the colonization of the Jovian system providing much of the impetus for growth. Ford however would not preside over the end of his second term, however, as he suffered a debilitating stroke in 1983. With a possible constitutional crisis in the making, the ailing President resigned the office shortly before suffering a second and third stroke, which ultimately led to his death in 1986.
*********The first black President, Giffords would preside over the end of the economic embargo instituted by the Ford administration toward the Lunar colonies, which he would likewise recognize as fully independent. Giffords presided over a period of detente with the Union of Council Socialist Republics, which would ultimately strain the US-Japanese alliance and open up the possibility of realignment in international affairs. Giffords would be defeated in a bid for a third term in 1992.
***********Giffords would win a third nonconsecutive term in 1996 but would ultimately resign the post in 1999 following allegations that he had nominated a Union of Council Socialist Republics agent as Secretary of State.
************No relation to the John Kennedy of our own world. Kennedy, who had served as Vice President under Giffords, would take up office after his boss' resignation and would preside over a stagnating economy and fears among many that the United States was being usurped by the Union of Council Socialist Republics in international affairs. These fears would lead to his defeat in the 2000 Presidential Election.
*************Engle, a self-described 'Goldwater Republican' would defeat Kennedy in a crushing landslide, and would use the public distaste with the previous Labor Party administration to launch an attack on the welfare state and double military spending. Re-engaging with the Japanese and other allies after years of strained relations, the Engle administration would ultimately oversee the Third Great War as well, breaking out in 2002 with a joint strike by US and Japanese forces against UCSR targets on the Saturnian moons. The Third Great War would be the bloodiest conflict in the history of mankind, with the battles not confined to the Earth, but reaching all the way out to the Saturnian system, with some of the harshest fighting taking place on the Lunar surface. Engle would win re-election in 2004 following the kinetic bombardment of Washington, D.C., resulting in the relocation of the American government to Philadelphia. As the war wound on, it became increasingly clear that working class Americans had suspect loyalties (according to the administration), a fact confirmed when general strikes broke out across industry in 2004 and 2005, leading to the displacement of many American troops to help suppress the uprising going on in and around the American territories. The collapse of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere in 2009 to communist rebels would ultimately lead to the acceleration of instability within the United States, culminating in the capture of Zuccotti Park by communist rebels in September 2011. By December 26, 2011, the United States no longer existed as a legitimate political force; Engle would be arrested, put on trial, and executed by the government of newly minted Union of American Council Republics in 2013.

[TNF]

Well, for one thing, there was a need for capitalist economic expansion following the Second Great War. During that conflict, the Allies (US-France-UK-Japan) faced off against the Comintern (UCSR, which is Russia combined with Germany, Italy, and most of eastern Europe, and Red China) and it didn't go so well for the Allies, to say the least. The French collapsed quickly as French Communists and Socialists welcomed the invaders and turned their guns on their own government, and communist-funded colonial uprisings ultimately caused a lot of headaches for the British, who were bombed into oblivion during the conflict and ultimately ended up undergoing a revolution that incorporated it into the UCSR. Japan took advantage of all that to gobble up territory in Asia that once was owned by the British and the French, and offered to make itself the protector of white colonists in territories that hadn't fallen to communist revolution, creating a funny situation whereby Apartheid South Africa is a protectorate of the Japanese Empire.

Basically, with socialism having strangled capitalist growth prospects, and with the possibility that any turn toward more open markets might lead to socialist uprising in the two conservative powers (Japan and the US, both of whom cannibalized the non-communist remains of the British and French Empires, and both of whom eventually settled on a ceasefire with the UCSR), capitalism had to grow elsewhere. The Eisenhower administration laid the groundwork for this in the late 1940s by funding research missions which revealed that the Moon was rich in helium-3, which the scientists of the early nuclear era were sure was the key to successful nuclear fusion.

They turned out to be correct, and so the scramble for the lunar surface played a big role in the tensions of the post SGW period, as did subsequent colonial projects on Mars, the Jovian and Saturnian systems.

[TNF]

29. Theodore Roosevelt (R-NY) 1917-1930*
30. Charles Evans Hughes (R-NY) 1930-1933**
31. Alfred E. "Al" Smith (D-NY) 1933-1938***
32. John Nance Garner (D-TX) 1938-1949
33. Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. (R-NY) 1949-1957
34. John E. Rankin (Christian Nationalist-MS) 1957-1958****
35. George Marshall (I-PA) 1958*****
36. Norman Thomas (Socialist-NY) 1958-1961******
37. Lyndon Johnson (Christian Democrat-TX) 1961-1962*******
38. Curtis LeMay (I-OH) 1962-1963********
39. Adlai Stevenson (People's-IL) 1963-1966*********
40. John Connolly (CD-TX) 1966-1969**********
41. Frank Zeidler (S-WI) 1969-1973***********
42. George Wallace (American-AL) 1973-1985*************

*Died in office.
**Serving as Secretary of State when President Roosevelt died in office in 1930. Presided over a caretaker administration in lieu of Vice President Charles Curtis, who was facing impeachment following revelations that he had accepted a bribe in return for helping secure a contract for the Standard Oil company.
***Assassinated.
****Overthrown in a military coup.
*****The coup led by Marshall (and bankrolled by Wall Street) would ultimately collapse in the face of a charged revolutionary atmosphere that saw virtual civil war erupt across the country. 
******Although Thomas proclaimed his revolutionary wave a peaceful one, the situation in 1958 provoked intense infighting between the relatively moderate social democrats backing Thomas and the radical Communists seeking to 'complete the revolution' acting from the locus of revolutionary activity in the Chicago Commune. His first act upon taking office would be to order the Army (now once again under public control) to Chicago to suppress the uprising; his distaste for the action (the former pacifist in him just wouldn't die) ultimately led to his decision not to seek another term in office in 1960 once order had been restored.
*******The fusion of the antisemitic, racist Christian Nationalists with the likewise racist Democrats gives rise to the racist, antisemitic, antilabor Christian Democrats, which don't behave like a Christian Democratic party would anywhere else on earth. Johnson wouldn't serve in office for long, dropping dead of a heart attack in 1962.
********With Johnson dead, a group of military officers decided that they could easily take advantage of the confusion to assert their own power, declaring a coup led by Air Force General Curtis LeMay. LeMay would quickly find that declaring a coup tends to led to a lot of chaos (a lesson that his predecessor, George Marshall, learned the hard way), and would ultimately be executed following the fall of Washington, D.C. to Constitutional forces (those opposed to the coup) in 1963.
*********Stevenson would head up the coalition of anti-coup forces that took the capital in 1963, and would himself preside over the government until his death in 1966.
**********Connolly served as Stevenson's VP as part of the anti-coup coalition.
***********Zeidler would be President during a period of economic decline and increasing instability in government. At least since the '58 coup the military had largely been unreliable; far-right and far-left groups organized and fought one another on the streets on a regular basis. An aura of decline seemed to fill the air everywhere, and Zeidler would ultimately be blamed for a lot of it, with the 1972 Presidential Election taking place amid the backdrop of the Crash of 1969, with one out of every three Americans out of work.
*************Wallace would ride a wave of nationalist sentiment into office in 1972 and would quickly tear apart the constitutional foundations of the United States in his quest to build a 'New America' that was racially pure and committed to his own brand of messianic Christian Nationalism. Economic revival came with the building of a national high speed rail network, but increasingly America became a place that minorities, socialists, communists, and those who didn't share the views of the administration couldn't call home. The deportations to Alaska began as early as 1973 with the ban on the opposition parties, although by the early 1980s the policy was being used to relocate millions of African-Americans, Jews, and other minority groups. In 1979, Wallace launched 'Operation Manifest Destiny' with the invasion of Canada, provoking international condemnation and leading to open warfare with the British Cooperative Commonwealth. The Anglo-American War of 1979 (1979-1985) would conclude with the collapse of Washington. Wallace would commit suicide as British troops entered the city.

Premiers of the Federation of American Communes
1. Robert Kean (Socialist Unity-CA) 1989-2003*
2. Bill Rivera (Socialist Unity-SC) 2003-2006**
3. Albert Gibson (Socialist Unity-NY) 2006-2009
4. James Houck (Communist Workers'-CO) 2009-2014***

*Following the collapse of the Wallace administration, American socialists and communists, working with the British occupation forces, forged a new government, that of the Federation of American Communes (FAC) under a red flag and under a new form of government that can be more or less described as soviet democracy, with a hybrid of communal and workplace democracy responsible for electing the government itself, now based in Chicago. Kean, a former dockworker who had been involved in waterfront resistance to the Wallace administration as far back as the late 1960s, would form the first government under the new constitution, strengthening ties with the British Cooperative Commonwealth and helping construct a political alliance against the Third French Empire, the Russian 'New State', and Nationalist China.
**The first ever African-American (and Hispanic) leader of the FAC, Rivera had fought valiantly during the Anglo-American War of 1979 in the Anchorage Uprising, a prisoners' revolt in Wallace's concentration camps.
***The Communist Workers' Party, in stark contrast to the Socialist Unity Party, favored a foreign policy less oriented toward the British Cooperative Commonwealth and more genuinely 'American' in nature, regarding the British as pursuing an 'opportunistic' foreign policy, rather than one of the class struggle. The CWP in office would pursue a bold 'revolutionist' strategy, pushing the limits of the Cold War with the French-Russian-Chinese axis and threatening nuclear war under the leadership of its Premier, James Houck.

[TNF]

1789-1797: John Jay (Federalist)
1797-1801: Oliver Ellsworth (Federalist)
1801-1809: Aaron Burr (Republican)
1809-1812: George Clinton (Republican)
1812-1813: John Langdon (Republican)
1813-1821: DeWitt Clinton (Republican)
1821-1829: James Monroe (Republican)
1829-1837: Andrew Jackson (Democratic)
1837-1841: Martin Van Buren (Democratic)
1841-1845: Henry Clay (Whig)
1845-1849: Martin Van Buren (Democratic)
1849-1852: Henry Clay (Whig)
1852-1853: Abbott Lawrence (Whig)
1853-1861: Stephen Douglas (Democratic)
1861-1869: John C. Fremont (Republican)
1869-1885: Ulysses S. Grant (Republican)
1885-1889: Grover Cleveland (Democratic)
1889-1893: Walter Q. Gresham (Republican)
1893-1897: Grover Cleveland (Democratic)
1897-1902: Thomas B. Reed (Republican)
1902-1909: Theodore Roosevelt (Republican)
1909-1913: Robert La Follette (Republican)
1913-1921: Thomas R. Marshall (Democratic)
1921-1925: Robert La Follette (Republican)
1925-1933: Irvine Lenroot (Republican)
1933-1945: Franklin Roosevelt (Democratic)
1945-1953: Henry Wallace (Democratic)
1953-1961: Harold Stassen (Republican)
1961-1969: Wayne Morse (Democratic)
1969-1977: George Romney (Republican)
1977-1981: Fred Harris (Democratic)
1981-1989: John B. Anderson (Republican)
1989-1993: George H.W. Bush (Republican)
1993-2001: Jerry Brown (Democratic)
2001-2009: John McCain (Republican)
2009-2017: Mike Gravel (Democratic)

[TNF]

Presidents of the United States
18. Ulysses S. Grant (Republican) 1869-1873
19. Charles O'Conor (Democratic) 1873-1881
20. James Garfield (Radical Democracy) 1881*
21. Chester A. Arthur (Radical Democracy) 1881-1886*
23. John Sherman (Radical Democracy) 1886-1889
24. Benjamin Harrison (Radical Democracy) 1889-1897
25. Thomas B. Reed (Radical Democracy) 1897-1902*
26. Theodore Roosevelt (Radical Democracy) 1902-1919*
27. Hiram Johnson (Radical Democracy) 1919-1921
28. Charles E. Russell (Independent) 1921-1925
29. Robert La Follette (Radical) 1925*
30. Burton K. Wheeler (Radical) 1925-1933
31. Franklin Roosevelt (Liberal Democrat) 1933-1940**
32. Douglas MacArthur (National Rally) 1940-1944***

*Died in office.
**Resigned, along with his Vice President John Nance Garner, after appointing Douglas MacArthur as Secretary of State and allowing the transfer of power to his right-wing nationalist regime as civil war raged across the nation.
***Overthrown with the conclusion of the American Revolution in 1944. Constitution of 1788-89 suspended and a new constitutional convention called by the victorious revolutionaries.

General-Secretaries of the American Workers' Republic

1. Dwight Eisenhower (American Section of the Communist International) 1944-1946
2. Haim Kantorovich (League of Social Democrats) 1946-1954
3. Dorothy Day (Christian Workers' Movement) 1954-1959
4. Dwight Eisenhower (Communist Party) 1959-1969
5. Malcolm Little (Communist Party) 1969-1974
6. Murray Bookchin (Communalist Action) 1974-1981
7. Fred Hampton (Socialist Workers Party) 1981-1995
8. Richard Wolff (Communist Party) 1995-2007
9. Chris Hedges (Communist Party) 2007-2012
10. Kshama Sawant (Socialist Workers Party) 2012-

[TNF]

1. John Adams (Federalist-MA) 1789-1797
2. Thomas Jefferson (Republican-VA) 1797-1801
3. John Adams (F-MA) 1801-1809
4. Charles Pinckney (F-SC) 1809-1817
5. Rufus King (F-MA) 1817-1825
6. Andrew Jackson (R-TN) 1825-1829
7. John Q. Adams (F-MA) 1829-1837
8. William H. Harrison (F-OH) 1837-1841
9. Martin Van Buren (R-NY) 1841*
10. Richard M. Johnson (R-KY) 1841-1845
11. Henry Clay (F-KY) 1845-1849
12. Lewis Cass (R-MI) 1849-1850*
13. William O. Butler (R-KY) 1850-1853
14. Winfield Scott (F-NJ) 1853-1857
15. John C. Fremont (F-CA) 1857-1861
16. Stephen Douglas (R-IL) 1861-1865**
17. Herschel V. Johnson (R-GA) 1865-1869
18. Horatio Seymour (R-NY) 1869-1877
19. Samuel Tilden (R-NY) 1877-1881
20. Winfield S. Hancock (R-PA) 1881**
21. William H. English (R-IN) 1881-1885
22. James G. Blaine (F-ME) 1885-1889
23. Grover Cleveland (R-NY) 1889-1893
24. Benjamin Harrison (F-IN) 1893-1897
25. William J. Bryan (R-NE) 1897-1901**
26. Adlai Stevenson I (R-IL) 1901-1909
27. John A. Johnson (R-MN) 1909-1913
28. Theodore Roosevelt (Democratic-NY) 1913-1921
29. James Cox (R-OH) 1921-1923*
30. Franklin Roosevelt (R-NY) 1923-1929
31. Al Smith (R-NY) 1929-1933
32. Herbert Hoover (F-CA) 1933-1945*
33. John W. Bricker (F-OH) 1945-1953
34. Adlai Stevenson II (R-IL) 1953-1961
35. Richard M. Nixon (F-CA) 1961-1963**
36. Henry C. Lodge (F-MA) 1963-1969
37. Hubert H. Humphrey (R-MN) 1969-1974***
38. Eugene McCarthy (R-MN) 1974-1977
39. Gerald Ford (R-MI) 1977-1981
40. Jimmy Carter (R-GA) 1981-1989
41. Michael Dukakis (R-MA) 1989-1993
42. George H.W. Bush (F-TX) 1993-2001
43. Albert A. "Al" Gore (R-TN) 2001-2009
44. John McCain (F-AZ) 2009-2017

*Died in office.
**Assassinated.
***Resigned.

[TNF]

32. John Nance Garner (D-TX): 1933-1937
33. Alf Landon (R-KS): 1937-1945
34. Prentice Cooper (D-TN): 1945-1949
35. Douglas MacArthur (R-NY): 1949-1953
36. Adlai Stevenson (D-IL): 1953-1961
37. Stuart Symington (D-MO): 1961-1965
38. Barry Goldwater (R-AZ): 1965-1973
39. John Ashbrook (R-OH): 1973-1981
40. John Connally (D-TX): 1981-1983*
41. John Kennedy (D-MA): 1983-1993
42. William "Bill" Maloney (Labor-IN): 1993-2001
43. Robert Zamora (Labor-TX): 2001-2002**
44. Claudia Long (Labor-OH): 2002-2005
45. John Herrick (Democratic-Republican-IL): 2005-2013
46. Jacquelyn Humphrey (Democratic-Republican-IN): 2013-2021

*Assassinated.
**Died in office.

[TNF]

23. Benjamin Harrison (Republican) 1889-1897
24. Chauncey Depew (Republican) 1897-1901
25. William Jennings Bryan (Democratic) 1901-1909
26. John Albert Johnson (Democratic) 1909-1917
27. Thomas Marshall (Democratic) 1917-1925
28. David Walsh (Democratic/Conservative Democrat) 1925-1929
29. Al Smith (Liberal) 1929-1937
30. Joseph Robinson (Liberal) 1937-1941
31. Phil Donnelly (Federalist) 1941*
32. Charles McNary (Federalist) 1941-1945
33. Franklin Roosevelt (Liberal) 1945-1949
34. Thomas Bell (Federalist) 1949-1950*
35. Gregory Scott (Federalist) 1950-1953
36. John McLean (Liberal) 1953-1957
37. Curtis Taylor (Liberal) 1957-1961
38. Lester Webb (Workers') 1961-1965**
39. Erik Wallace (Communard) 1965-1969
40. Stephen Huntington (Workers') 1969-1977
41. Daniel Navarro (Communard) 1977-1981
42. Stephen Huntington (Workers') 1981**
43. Henry "Hank" Kramer (Workers') 1981-1985
44. Leo Gonzales (Communard) 1985-1997
45. Scott Odegaard (Workers') 1997-2001**
46. John Taylor (Workers') 2001-2009
47. Harold Ferguson (Workers') 2009-2013
48. John Taylor (Socialist) 2013-
 
*Died in office.
**Assassinated.

[TNF]

1. George Washington (Independent) 1789-1797
2. Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) 1797-1801
3. John Adams (Federalist) 1801-1809
4. James Madison (Democratic-Republican) 1809-1813
5. DeWitt Clinton (Democratic-Republican) 1813-1817
6. Rufus King (Federalist) 1817-1821
7. James Monroe (Democratic-Republican) 1821-1829
8. Andrew Jackson (Democratic-Republican, then Democratic) 1829-1833
9. Henry Clay (National Republican) 1833-1837
10. Martin Van Buren (Democratic) 1837-1845
11. Henry Clay (Whig) 1845-1849
12. Lewis Cass (Democratic) 1849-1853
13. Winfield Scott (Whig) 1853-1861
14. John Bell (Whig) 1861-1869
15. John C. Fremont (Republican) 1869-1877
16. Rutherford Hayes (Whig) 1877-1881
17. Winfield S. Hancock (Conservative) 1881-1885
18. James G. Blaine (Whig) 1885-1893*
19. Chauncey Depew (Whig) 1893
20. Benjamin Harrison (Liberal) 1893-1897
21. William McKinley (Liberal) 1897-1903**
22. Theodore Roosevelt (Liberal) 1903-1905
23. Grover Cleveland (Conservative) 1905-1913
24. Theodore Roosevelt (Liberal) 1913*
25. Hiram Johnson (Liberal) 1913-1921
26. Woodrow Wilson (Conservative) 1921-1923*
27. James Cox (Conservative) 1923-1925
28. Calvin Coolidge (Liberal) 1925-1929
29. Al Smith (Conservative) 1929-1933**
30. Joseph Robinson (Conservative) 1933-1937
31. Henry Breckinridge (Democratic) 1937-1943**
32. John Nance Garner (Democratic) 1943-1949
33. Strom Thurmond (Democratic) 1949-1953
34. Adlai Stevenson (Conservative) 1953*
35. John Sparkman (Conservative) 1953-1957
36. Harold Stassen (Whig) 1957-1961
37. Harry Byrd (Democratic) 1961-1963**
38. Barry Goldwater (Democratic) 1963-1969
39. Hubert Humphrey (Whig) 1969-1973
40. Richard Nixon (Liberal Conservative) 1973-1977
41. Jimmy Carter (Democratic) 1977-1981
42. George H.W. Bush (Liberal Conservative) 1981-1989
43. Michael Dukakis (Whig) 1989-1993
44. George H.W. Bush (Liberal Conservative) 1993-2001
45. Bill Bradley (Whig) 2001-2009
46. John McCain (Liberal Conservative) 2009-2013
47. Barack Obama (Whig) 2013-
 
*Died in office
*Assassinated

[TNF]

1. Benjamin Lincoln (Federalist-MA) 1789-1793
2. Thomas Jefferson (Republican-VA) 1793-1801
3. John Jay (Federalist-NY) 1801-1805
4. George Clinton (Republican-NY) 1805-1812*
5. James Madison (Republican-VA) 1812-1813
6. DeWitt Clinton (Republican-NY) 1813-1821
7. James Monroe (Republican-VA) 1821-1825
8. William Crawford (Republican-GA) 1825-1829
9. John Q. Adams (National Republican-MA) 1829-1833
10. William Wirt (Anti-Masonic-MD) 1833-1834*
11. Amos Ellmaker (Anti-Masonic, then Whig-PA) 1834-1845
12. Rudolph Neil (Whig-PA) 1845-1849
13. John O'Brien (People's-Tejas) 1849-1857
14. Andrew Hale (Liberty-MA) 1857-1861
15. Thomas Johnson (People's-Superior) 1861-1865
16. Preston Smith (Liberty-South California) 1865-1869
17. Joseph Maloney (People's-WI) 1869-1877
18. Lawrence Bauer (People's-MA) 1877-1881
19. James Bundy (Radical-IL) 1881-1889
20. Arnold Gass (Liberty-IL) 1889-1893
21. Peter Hart (Radical, then Radical People's-PA) 1893-1901
22. Bradford White (Liberty-MA) 1901-1905
23. Michael Berman (Radical People's-IL) 1905-1917
24. Henry Pinette (Workingmen's, then Socialist Labor) 1917-1925
25. Troy Wooten (Liberty-VT) 1925-1933
26. Eileen Flynn (Socialist Labor-Assibinia) 1933-1937
27. Carolyn Navarro (Liberty-Sequoyah) 1937-1941
28. Daniel Morgan (Socialist Labor-West Florida) 1941-1945
29. Susan Valdez (Liberty-OR) 1945-1949
30. Earl Bivens (Socialist Labor-CT) 1949-1953
31. Ellis Sanders (Liberty-WF) 1953-1957
32. Kathy Saucedo (Socialist Labor-Orleans) 1957-1965
33. Margaret Schroeder (Liberty-IL) 1965-1973
34. Michelle Shields (Liberty-MD) 1973-1977
35. Brian Whitaker (Socialist Labor-South California) 1977-1981
36. Sara Ingram (Liberty-Tejas) 1981-1989
37. Lisa Gardner (Socialist Labor-IL) 1989-1993
38. Celia Magnum (Independent Socialist-WI) 1993-1997
39. Philip Fisher (Liberty-OH) 1997-2001
40. Doris Wetmore (Independent Socialist-GA) 2001-2005
41. Angela Bachmann (Liberty-OH) 2005-2013
42. Russell Poole (Liberty-Superior) 2013-

*Died in office

[TNF]

32. Franklin Roosevelt (D-NY) 1933-1945*
33. Harry Truman (D-MO) 1945-1949
34. Thomas Dewey (R-NY) 1949-1953
35. Adlai Stevenson (D-IL) 1953-1961
36. John Kennedy (D-MA) 1961-1963**
37. Lyndon Johnson (D-TX) 1963-1965
38. Barry Goldwater (R-AZ) 1965-1973***
39. George McGovern (D-SD) 1973-1977
40. Ronald Reagan (R-CA) 1977-1981
41. Ted Kennedy (D-MA) 1981-1989
42. Lloyd Bentsen (D-TX) 1989-1993
43. George W. Bush (R-TX) 1993-2001
44. John McCain (R-AZ) 2001-2005
45. Al Gore (D-TN) 2005-2009
46. Mitt Romney (R-MA) 2009-2017

Defeated tickets:

1948: Harry Truman of Missouri and Alben Barkley of Kentucky (D)
1952: Thomas Dewey of New York and Earl Warren of California (R)
1956: Harold Stassen of Minnesota and Richard Nixon of California (R)
1960: Richard Nixon of California and Henry Lodge of Massachusetts (R)
1964: Lyndon Johnson of Texas and Hubert Humphrey of Minnesota (D)
1968: Hubert Humphrey of Minnesota and Ed Muskie of Maine (D)
1972: Richard Nixon of California and Spiro Agnew of Maryland (R)
1976: George McGovern of South Dakota and Sargent Shriver of Maryland (D)
1980: Ronald Reagan of California and George H.W. Bush of Texas (R)
1984: George H.W. Bush of Texas and Dan Quayle of Indiana (R)
1988: Bob Dole of Kansas and Jack Kemp of New York (R)
1992: Lloyd Bentsen of Texas and Michael Dukakis of Massachusetts (D)
1996: Michael Dukakis of Massachusetts and Jesse Jackson of Illinois (D)
2000: Bill Clinton of Arkansas and Al Gore of Tennessee (D)
2004: John McCain of Arizona and Colin Powell of New York (R)
2008: Al Gore of Tennessee and Joe Lieberman of Connecticut (D)
2012: John Kerry of Massachusetts and John Edwards of North Carolina (D)

*Died in office
**Assassinated. Elected in 1960 in spite of losing the popular vote.
***Re-elected in 1968 in spite of losing the popular vote.

[TNF]

Nonrenewable 6 year presidential term selected at the Constitutional Convention

1. George Washington (Independent-VA) 1789-1795
2. John Adams (Federalist-MA) 1795-1801
3. Samuel Johnston (Federalist-NC) 1801-1807
4. Charles Cotesworth Pinckney (Federalist-SC) 1807-1813
5. Rufus King (Federalist-MA) 1813-1819
6. DeWitt Clinton (Federalist-NY) 1819-1825
7. Henry Clay (Federalist-KY) 1825-1831
8. John Quincy Adams (Federalist-MA) 1831-1837
9. John C. Calhoun (Federalist,then Conservative-SC) 1837-1843
10. Smith Thompson (Conservative-NY) 1843*
11. William C. Rives (Conservative-VA) 1843-1849
12. John Tyler (Conservative-VA) 1849-1855
13. James Buchanan (Conservative-PA) 1855-1861
14. Winfield Scott (Liberal-NJ) 1861-1865**
15. George Evans (Liberal-ME) 1866-1867
16. John P. Hale (Liberal-NH) 1867-1873
17. Robert M.T. Hunter (Conservative-VA) 1873-1879
18. George B. McClellan (Conservative-NJ) 1879-1881**
19. George H. Pendleton (Conservative-OH) 1881-1885
20. Joel Parker (Conservative-NJ) 1885-1889*
21. William H. English (Conservative-IN) 1889-1891
22. Robert T. Lincoln (Liberal-IL) 1891-1897
23. John J. Ingalls (Liberal-KS) 1897-1900*
24. William O. Bradley (Liberal-KY) 1900-1903
25. James B. Weaver (Reform-IA) 1903-1909
26. Theodore Roosevelt (Liberal-NY) 1909-1915
27. Carl D. Thompson (Socialist-WI) 1915-1921
28. Eugene Foss (Liberal-MA) 1921-1927
29. Homer S. Cummings (Liberal-CT) 1927-1933
30. Al Smith (Liberal-NY) 1933-1939
31. Norman Thomas (Socialist-NY) 1939-1945
32. William Z. Foster (Communist-IL) 1945***
33. Henry S. Breckinridge (American-NY) 1945-1951****
34. Millard E. Tydings (American-MD) 1951-1957
35. Thomas Dewey (American-NY) 1957-1963*****
36. Vincent Hallinan (Progressive-CA) 1963-1969
37. Richard Nixon (American-CA) 1969-1975
38. Barry Goldwater (American-AZ) 1975-1981
39. George McGovern (Progressive-SD) 1981-1987
40. Howard Baker (American-TN) 1987-1993
41. Jesse Jackson (Progressive-IL) 1993-1999
42. Gary Hart (Progressive-CO) 1999-2005
43. Jerry Brown (Progressive-CA) 2005-2011
44. Steve Forbes (Federalist-NY) 2011-2017

*Died in office.
**Assassinated.
***Overthrown.
****Installed by the successful coup government.
*****Presided over the transition to full and fair democracy in 1962.


Political Parties circa 2015

Federalist Party - conservative liberalism, market liberalism
Progressive Party - social liberalism, centrism
Americans United - right-wing populism
Independence Party - social liberalism
Workers' Party - democratic socialism, Marxism

[TNF]

1. George Washington (Independent) 1789-1797
2. John Adams (Federalist) 1797-1801
3. Thomas Jefferson (Republican) 1801*
4. Aaron Burr (Republican) 1801-1805
5. Charles Cotesworth Pinckney (Federalist) 1805-1809
6. George Clinton (Republican) 1809-1810*
7. James Madison (Republican) 1810-1813
8. DeWitt Clinton (Federalist) 1813-1817
9. Rufus King (Federalist) 1817-1821
10. John Q. Adams (Nationalist) 1821-1825**
11. Daniel Rodney (Nationalist) 1825-1829
12. William H. Harrison (Nationalist) 1829-1837
13. Martin Van Buren (Federalist) 1837-1841
14. William H. Harrison (Nationalist) 1841**
15. Francis Granger (Nationalist) 1841-1845
16. William L. Marcy (Federalist) 1845-1857
17. William L. Dayton (Nationalist) 1857-1861**
18. John C. Fremont (Nationalist) 1861-1869
19. Schuyler Colfax (Nationalist) 1869-1873
20. John C. Fremont (Radical) 1873-1881
21. James A. Garfield (Nationalist) 1881-1883*
22. Chester A. Arthur (Nationalist) 1883-1889
23. Walter Q. Gresham (Nationalist) 1889-1893
24. Robert M. La Follette (Radical) 1893-1905*
25. Theodore Burton (Radical) 1905-1913
26. Theodore Roosevelt (Nationalist) 1913-1921
27. David I. Walsh (Radical) 1921-1923**
28. James E. "Pa" Ferguson (Radical) 1923-1929
29. Warren G. Harding (Nationalist) 1929-1934***
30. Bertrand Snell (Nationalist) 1934-1937
31. Franklin Roosevelt (Radical) 1937-1941
32. John Steinbeck (Workers') 1941-1949
33. Dave Beck (Workers') 1949-1953
34. Howard Hughes (Independent, then American) 1953-1961
35. Robert Heinlein (Workers') 1961-1969
36. Arthur Fletcher (American) 1969-1977
37. Elizabeth Bloomer (American) 1977-1985
38. Michael Harrington (Workers') 1985-1989
39. Jeane Kirkpatrick (American) 1989-1993
40. Dick Gephardt (Workers') 1993-2001
41. Gary Locke (Workers') 2001-2009
42. Jesse Ventura (Independent) 2009-2017

*Died in office
**Assassinated
***Impeached and removed from office

[TNF]

1. George Washington (Independent) 1789-1797
2. John Adams (Federalist) 1797-1805
3. Charles Pinckney (Federalist) 1805-1813
4. DeWitt Clinton (Federalist) 1813-1817
5. Rufus King (Constitution) 1817-1825
6. Richard Stockton (Constitution) 1825-1829
7. Andrew Jackson (Patriot) 1829*
8. John Calhoun (Patriot) 1829-1833
9. Henry Clay (Constitution) 1833-1837
10. Martin Van Buren (Patriot) 1837-1838*
11. Richard M. Johnson (Patriot) 1838-1841
12. William H. Harrison (Constitution) 1841-1845
13. Henry Clay (Constitution) 1845-1849
14. John P. Hale (Freedom) 1849-1853**
15. Charles F. Adams (Freedom) 1853-1857
16. John C. Fremont (Freedom) 1857-1865
17. Abraham Lincoln (Freedom) 1865-1869
18. Ulysses S. Grant (Freedom) 1869**
19. Schuyler Colfax (Freedom) 1869-1873
20. Horace Greeley (Reform) 1873-1877
21. Rutherford B. Hayes (Freedom) 1877-1881
22. Horace Greeley (Reform) 1881-1885
23. James G. Blaine (Freedom) 1885-1889**
24. Levi P. Morton (Freedom) 1889-1897
25. William McKinley (Freedom) 1897-1901
26. William J. Bryan (Reform) 1901-1909
27. William H. Taft (Freedom) 1909-1911*
28. James S. Sherman (Freedom) 1911-1917
29. Charles E. Hughes (Freedom) 1917-1921
30. James Cox (Reform) 1921-1933*
31. John Nance Garner (Reform) 1933-1941
32. Wendell Willkie (Freedom) 1941-1949
33. Harry Truman (Reform) 1949-1951**
34. Alben W. Barkley (Reform) 1951-1957
35. Dwight Eisenhower (Freedom) 1957-1962***
36. Charles A. Halleck (Freedom) 1962-1965
37. Lyndon B. Johnson (Reform) 1965-1969
38. Richard M. Nixon (Freedom) 1969-1977
39. Spiro T. Agnew (Freedom) 1977-1981
40. James E. "Jimmy" Carter (Reform) 1981-1989
41. George H.W. Bush (Freedom) 1989-1997
42. Bill Clinton (Reform) 1997-2005

*Died in office.
**Assassinated
***Resigned

[TNF]

28. Woodrow Wilson (Democratic-NJ) 1913-1917
29. Charles Evans Hughes (Republican-NY) 1917-1925
30. A. Mitchell Palmer (Democratic-PA) 1925-1933
31. Alben W. Barkley (Democratic-KY) 1933-1937
32. Theodore Roosevelt Jr. (Republican-NY) 1937-1943*
33. Harold Stassen (Republican-MN) 1943-1949
34. Harry S Truman (Democratic-MO) 1949-1953
35. Harold Stassen (Republican-MN) 1953-1961
36. Robert A. Smith (Labor-NH) 1961-1969
37. Joseph Johnson (Republican-PA) 1969-1977
38. Brian Morgan (Republican-CA) 1977-1981
39. James Davis (Labor-CA) 1981-1989
40. William Johnson (Republican-NH) 1989-1993
41. James Davis (Labor-CA) 1993-2001
42. Kim Wilburn (Republican-IL) 2001-2013
43. Dominick Booth (Republican-CA) 2013-2017
44. Marianne Mullins (Labor-NJ) 2017-2029
45. Dustin Lyman (Republican-MA) 2029-

*Died in office

[TNF]

39. Jimmy Carter (Democratic-GA) 1977-1985
40. George H.W. Bush (Republican-TX) 1985-1993
41. Bill Clinton (Democratic-AR) 1993-1998*
42. Al Gore (Democratic-TN) 1998-2001
43. John McCain (Republican-AZ) 2001-2005
44. John Edwards (Democratic-NC) 2005-2013
45. John Kerry (Democratic-MA) 2013-2017

*Resigned

[TNF]

1. Robert H. Harrison (Federalist-MD) 1789-1790 [1]
2. James Armstrong (Federalist-GA) 1790-1793
3. Thomas Jefferson (Republican-VA) 1793-1797 [2]
4. James Iredell (Federalist-NC) 1797-1799* [3]
5. Aaron Burr (Republican-NY) 1799-1809 [4]
6. Charles Cotesworth Pinckney (Federalist-SC) 1809-1813 [5]
7. DeWitt Clinton (Republican-NY) 1813-1817 [6]
8. Daniel D. Tompkins (Republican-NY) 1817-1821 [7]
9. William H. Crawford (Constitution-GA) 1821-1825 [8]
10.  Henry Clay (Whig-KY) 1825-1829 [9]
11. John Q. Adams (Whig-MA) 1829-1833
12. Martin Van Buren (Constitution-NY) 1833-1837
13. William C. Rives (Constitution-VA) 1837-1841
14. Winfield Scott (Whig-NJ) 1841-1845 [10]
15. Millard Fillmore (Whig-NY) 1845-1849 [11]
16. John M. Clayton (Whig-DE) 1849-1853 [12]

[1] Washington refuses to come out of retirement, citing ill health, forcing the electoral college to make a different choice for the first American president. It eventually settles upon Robert Harrison, another revolutionary war leader, who nonetheless drops dead a year into office, provoking a constitutional crisis. Anti-Federalists argue that the new Constitution is much too vague about how the vacancy should be filled (Is the VP acting as President or a new President?) while Federalists support James Armstrong, the Federalist VP now occupying the post of President. In the end, a deal is brokered which sees the Republicans assent to Armstrong being the legitimate President in return for his private assurance not to seek another term in 1792. Thus, the first of many 'Grand Bargains' is struck in American political history.

[2] Jefferson's one term in office is not pretty. Tax revolts in western Pennsylvania ultimately force his hand to put said uprisings down with brute force, alienating Jefferson from pretty much every one of the 'farmers and mechanics' that he had pledged his fealty to and results in his more or less being disowned by the party that he founded.

[3] Federalists ride the wave of anti-Republican sentiment in the wake of the crushing of the Whiskey Rebellion to victory? Not quite. Federalist James Iredell comes out on top of a divided electoral college, which awards him the Presidency by a single vote over his closest competitor, Aaron Burr, the 'True Republican' now having taken the reins of that party. Burr of course becomes Vice President, and when Iredell drops dead in 1799, the entire political system is turned on its head as the Republicans gain power again and quickly reshuffle the cabinet and all that jazz.

[4] Burr decides to be everything that Jefferson couldn't (or wouldn't). As President, he not only negotiates the purchase of Louisiana from France, but also oversees the period that would later be deemed 'Burrite Democracy', a period of the celebration of the plebian mass and animosity toward the emerging mercantile elite. Burr and his Republicans would quickly move to amend the Constitution to prevent the situation that landed him in office from happening again (Wouldn't want to have something like that put the Federalists in power, of course!), and provide for special elections in the case of a vacancy of the President. Burr likewise oversaw the abolition of the international slave trade, and ensured that slavery would be prohibited in the whole of the Louisiana territory, threatening to send federal troops in to any state that would raise a finger of rebellion in response.

Re-elected in 1804, he would be challenged and defeated in a bid for re-election in 1808. Burr, the first President to win a second term and attempt a third, would provoke enough of a response from the Federalist Party to attempt to make him the only second term President in American history via a new constitutional amendment.

[5] Pinckney's Presidency would be defined by the struggle to pass another constitutional amendment (which would ultimately pass, barring the President from running for re-election) and tensions with the British. The ruling Federalists would, of course, try and temper the passions of those utterly committed to confrontation with the British, something the Republicans would make hay of in the upcoming Presidential election.

[6] Although his uncle had been the initial favorite, the younger Clinton would end up the Republican nominee in 1812 and triumph over Federalist John Marshall in the general election. Clinton would take the United States to war with Britain shortly after entering office, beginning the War of 1813, long postponed and long overdue. With Britain distracted on the continent (cleaning up the Napoleonic Wars), the U.S. would clean up rather nicely, concluding the conflict in 1815 with a successful conquest of Canada and the ceding of the entirety of British holdings on the continent to the young republic. Clinton, like Burr before him, would ensure that these territories would be completely prohibited to the growth or expansion of slavery, further weakening that most peculiar of institutions and setting it on a head-on collision with the federal government in the years to come.

[7] Conflicts over the admission of Canadian territories as states plagued the Presidency of Daniel Tompkins. The refusal of states in the deep south to submit to federal policy with regard to slavery in the territories of former Louisiana, as well as bombastic rhetoric about 'creeping despotism' from Southern Republicans that formed the 'Tertium Quids' faction within that party ultimately boiled over in a short conflict in 1817. Reactionary state legislators and Governors, meeting in Charleston, declared independence as the 'Confederal States of America' that year, and, attempting to harken back to the heady days of the revolution, raised a militia to secure that independence. The federal army, backed by new regiments of French and English Canadians, crushed the short-lived Confederalists and with them the idea of a rebellion for the sake of securing the rights of slave ownership. Military governors in those states abolished slavery with the tacit approval of the administration, whereas those state governments where slavery was still permitted that remained loyal to the union were allowed to continue the practice until the passage of a constitutional amendment fully banning slavery in 1820.

[8] The Rebellion of 1817 had the effect of splitting up the Republican Party, already fraying at the edges between the Plebian-backed Burr-Clinton wing of the party centered in New York and urban industrial centers, and the reactionary, slaveowner (now former slaveowner) backed wing in the South. The Federalists, denied the Presidency since 1813 and steadily losing influence and relevance, would ultimately come to terms with their conservative Southern brethren with the destruction of slavery, forming the new Constitution Party in 1820. The Constitutionalists supported the status quo on federal power and was inclined toward support for overseas and continental expansion. It's 1820 campaign won even with the reconstruction of some areas of the Southern United States, winning support in the more conservative Canadian states and among the mercantile classes of the North.

[9] Those Republicans that supported the expansion of suffrage to the masses, a protective tariff, and the development of industry as opposed to the agrarian policy of the Constitutionalists dubbed themselves 'Whigs' after the patriots of the American Revolution. Henry Clay, a modernizer who favored high tariffs, continental expansion, and universal male suffrage, thus won the White House on that platform in 1824. His main achievements consist of establishing the highest ever tariff to that point on industrial goods and a constitutional amendment guaranteeing all male citizens aged 21 and older the right to vote, regardless of whether or not they owned property. Attempts at continental expansion were frustrated by botched negotiations with the Russians over their Alaskan territory that resulted in a major scandal that very nearly ruined the administration's reputation among European powers.

[10] The Whigs triumphantly return from political exile in 1840 with the election of Winfield Scott, who oversees the thorny issue of Tejas being admitted to the Union, which predictably causes all sorts of trouble with Mexico.

[11] Millard Fillmore settles accounts with Mexico in short order, incorporating the whole of the former into the United States amid a whole lot of nationalist zeal. Manifest Destiny has now reached from sea to shining sea, but others are now calling for it to move not from East to West, but from North to South, or 'pole to pole', so to speak. Fillmore aggrandizes for this himself throughout his Presidency, especially after the successful conclusion of hostilities with Mexico in 1846. Notably, the Fillmore administration also sees the adoption of a policy designating Mexicans as non-citizens (as had been the official policy concerning black Americans since the abolition of slavery in 1820).

[12] Clayton oversees the purchase of Cuba in 1850 and the admission of a few Central American filibuster states during his term in office.

[TNF]

Continued from above. Everyone from this point on out is fictional, so bear that in mind.

17. Harold Tobin (Radical Whig) 1857-1861 [1]
18. Leon Bourassa (Whig) 1861-1865 [2]
19. Jeremiah Brown (Whig) 1865-1871
20. Leland Smith (Radical Whig) 1871-1877 [3]
21. Stephen Williams (Whig) 1877-1883
22. Douglas Salazar (Whig) 1883-1889 [4]
23. Joseph Schreiner (Whig) 1889-1895
24. Charles Newton (Radical Whig) 1895-1901 [5]
25. James Salazar (Whig) 1901-1907 [6]

[1] The slow death of the Constitution Party (out of office and sight for 20 years) had slowly led to its membership populating the dominant Whigs, who would ultimately split as a result in the late 1850s. Those Whigs committed to the traditional program of conquest, tariffs, and 'master race democracy' would more or less absorb the old Constitution Party members and hold onto the party name. Those Whigs more committed to democracy and who were increasingly concerned about the role of the military and expansion as a public policy, as well as those more committed to free trade, would assign themselves the moniker of 'Radical Whigs' in the late 1850s.

Harold Tobin would win on that platform in 1856 and would attempt to enact it throughout the late 1850s. Unable to significantly alter the course of tariff policy, he instead concentrated on political reform, passing a civil service bill and undoing those provisions which prohibited conferring citizenship upon residents of the conquered territories (but not for African-Americans, who continued to be excluded). Immigration was aggressively promoted to fill the factories popping up from Hartford to Havana. But Tobin is best remembered for what Radicals described as 'Tobin's Folly', his deviation from the principles of anti-imperialism to purchase Alaska from the Russians and forever ruin his reputation among those very radical intellectuals that had put so much faith in him.

[2] The first Quebecois elected President, Bourassa begin the long and drawn out process of 'Pole to Pole' Manifest Destiny, landing American troops in the northern part of South America in April 1861. The slow and bloody conquest of that continent by its northern neighbor had begun. Also of note, during the Bourassa administration the states approved a constitutional amendment conferring citizenship upon all males born in the United States or any territory in which the U.S. had jurisdiction (approved by the outgoing Radical Whigs in the late 1850s) and a constitutional amendment increasing the length of the term of office for the President from four years to six years, effective 1864.

[3] A railroad executive turned politician, Smith would oversee the first comprehensive reduction in tariff rates in nearly a century, and would likewise see the final elimination of patronage appointments to federal office. This represented a solid victory for the Radical Whigs, who now largely existed as an argumentative coalition of small farmers, finance capital, and of course, liberal intellectuals opposed to overseas expansion.

[4] The first American President to be elected from among the conquered Mexican states, Salazar continued the conquest of Latin America during his administration, crushing the resistance of Peruvian patriots as American settlers moved into those regions and petitioned for admission to the Union.

[5] Elected on a solid majority to conclude some kind of peace in Latin America after years and years of fighting, Newton officially ceased American operations in the region in 1898 upon the surrender of the last holdouts in Chile and Argentina that year. From 'Pole to Pole' the American empire now stretched, and the Radical Whigs thought it now proper to tear down the walls of tariffs that kept the nation blocked off from foreign trade and focused on an ever expanding internal market. As such, Newton would stake what political capital he had left aggressively pursuing a total free trade policy, which he would get after a good deal of political wrangling and alienating a good deal of his own party membership. This, the cessation of American conquest of Latin America, the conclusion of the fight for civil service reform, and the enactment of free trade, would ultimately give the Radical Whigs little else to live for, and would cause the collapse of the party in the early part of the 1900s. Those elements interested in further reform (pushing for women's suffrage and other democratic measures) would regroup under the banner of the People's Party, while those opposed would rejoin the Whig Party.

[6] The son of former President Douglas Salazar, the younger Salazar would attempt to steal the fire of the new People's Party and the emerging Workers Party by enacting a reform program of his own. Salazar embraced the call for the abolition of the electoral college, the enactment of a federal referendum process, and the direct election of Senators. He stopped short of embracing women's suffrage, denounced attempts at introducing the recall of members of Congress, and publicly derided the labor movement as a 'movement of vagabonds and charlatans.' The latter policy was well shown by his frequent use of federal troops to break strikes, a policy that would have long ranging implications in the struggle for a fairer and more democratic United States.

[TNF]

32. Franklin Roosevelt (Democratic-NY) 1933-1945*
33. Lyndon Johnson (Democratic-TX) 1945-1953
34. Dwight Eisenhower (Republican-NY) 1953-1957
35. Harry Truman (Democratic-MO) 1957-1963**
36. John Kennedy (Democratic-MA) 1963-1973
37. Ronald Reagan (Republican-CA) 1973-1974***
38. Richard Nixon (Republican-CA) 1974-1977****
39. Jimmy Carter (Democratic-GA) 1977-1981
40. Gerald Ford (Republican-MI) 1981-1989
41. George H.W. Bush (Republican-TX) 1989-1997
42. Bill Clinton (Democratic-AR) 1997-2001
43. George W. Bush (Republican-TX) 2001-2009
44. Barack Obama (Democratic-IL) 2009-

*Died in office
**Assassinated
***Resigned
****Secretary of State Nixon became President upon the resignation of President Reagan

[TNF]

Samuel Tilden 1877-1881
James Garfield 1881
Chester Arthur 1881-1885
Thomas Bayard 1885-1889
Walter Q. Gresham 1889-1893
Grover Cleveland 1893-1901
Thomas B. Reed 1901
Charles Fairbanks 1901-1905
George Gray 1905-1913
Judson Harmon 1913-1921
Warren Harding 1921-1923
Calvin Coolidge 1923-1925
Albert Ritchie 1925-1933
James A. Reed 1933-1941
Robert Taft 1941-1949
John Bricker 1949-1957

I presume 1957 witnesses some sort of general revolt against 80 years of conservative rule.

[TNF]

37. Richard Nixon (Republican-CA) 1969-1974*
38. Carl Albert (Democratic-OK) 1974-1975
39. Jimmy Carter (Democratic-GA) 1975-1981**
40. Walter Mondale (Democratic-MN) 1981-1991
41. Michael Dukakis (Democratic-MA) 1991-1995
42. Mitt Romney (Republican-MI) 1995-2001***
43. Dick Cheney (Republican-TX) 2001-2007
44. John Kerry (Democratic-MA) 2007-2011
45. Jeb Bush (Republican-FL) 2011-

*Resigned
**Assassinated
***Died during the 9/21 terrorist attacks

39. Spiro Agnew (Republican-MD) 1969-1973
40. Walter Mondale (Democratic-MN) 1975-1981
41. Michael Dukakis (Democratic-MA) 1981-1991
42. Lloyd Bentsen (Democratic-TX) 1991-1995
43. Dick Cheney (Republican-TX) 1995-2001
44. Joe Lieberman (Democratic-CT) 2001-2007
45. John Edwards (Democratic-NC) 2007-2008*
46. Joe Biden (Democratic-DE) 2008-2011
47. Sarah Palin (Republican-AK) 2011-

*Resigned

1972: George McGovern / Sargent Shriver (Democratic)
1974: Ronald Reagan / Nelson Rockefeller (Republican)
1978: George H.W. Bush / Bob Dole (Republican)
1982: Bob Dole / Gerald Ford (Republican)
1986: George W. Bush / Dan Quayle (Republican)
1990: John McCain / Jack Kemp (Republican)
1994: Michael Dukakis / Lloyd Bentsen (Democratic)
1998: Bill Clinton / Al Gore (Democratic)
2002: Al Gore (Democratic) / John McCain (Republican)
2006: Dick Cheney (Republican) /Joe Lieberman (Independent)
2010: John Kerry / Joe Biden (Democratic)
2014: Barack Obama / Hillary Clinton (Democratic)

[TNF]

I'll be totally honest with you Cathcon - I don't really remember what I was thinking when I wrote that list. Suffice to say though, you've probably got a good idea of what happened, because I sure as hell don't and what you typed out there makes a hell of a lot of sense.

Back in the U.S.S.A.

Presidents of the United States under the Constitution of 1789

25. William McKinley (Republican-OH) 1897-1905
26. Charles Fairbanks (Republican-IN) 1905-1909
27. George Gray (Democratic-DE) 1909-1917
28. Charles Evans Hughes (Republican-NY) 1917*

*Overthrown during the December Revolution of 1917

Presidents of the Constitutional Convention of 1917-18

1. Robert La Follette (Progressive Republican-WI) December 1917-March 1918
2. Charles E. Russell (Social Democratic-NY) March 1918-July 1918*

*Overthrown during the July Revolution of 1918

Presidents of the United Socialist States of America

1. Eugene V. Debs (Socialist-IN) 1918-1926
2. William Z. Foster (Socialist-NY) 1926-1930
3. James P. Cannon (Communist League-IL) 1930-1946
4. Farrell Dobbs (Communist League-MN) 1946-1954
5. Eugene Dennis (Socialist-NY) 1954-1958
6. Farrell Dobbs (Communist League-MN) 1958-1966
7. Clifton DeBerry (Communist League-IL) 1966-1970
8. Gus Hall (People's-NY) 1970-1974
9. Pete Camejo (Communist League-CA) 1974-1978
10. Gus Hall (People's-NY) 1978-1982
11. Clifton DeBerry (Communist League-IL) 1982-1986
12. Matilde Zimmermann (Communist League-NY) 1986-1990
13. Barry Commoner (Ecosocialist Federation-NY) 1990-1994
14. Sam Webb (People's-ME) 1994-1998
15. Ralph Nader (Ecosocialist Federation-CT) 1998-2006
16. Richard Wolfe (Ecosocialist Federation-CT) 2006-2010
17. Cynthia McKinney (Ecosocialist Federation-GA) 2010-2014
18. Kshama Sawant (Workers-WA) 2014-