Democratic Presidential Primary, 1972In the race to select a candidate to defeat Richard Nixon, Senator
Koenkai of New Hampshire and Congressman
Joyce of Florida are both candidates.
Joyce runs on a strident anti-war program while Koenkai largely runs on an electability platform, trying to avoid talking about voting in favor of the Gulf of Tonkin resolution, and largely playing up voting in favor of Civil Rights legislation.
Congressman Joyce stuns the country with a surprise, albeit narrow plurality (
29%, the nearest candidate having 24%) victory. The field immediately narrows and knowing that Joyce has a lock on the Florida primary, much of the Democratic establishment rallies behind the Senator from New Hampshire, who still goes to win a smaller-than-expected
51%-
45% victory in New Hampshire, reminiscent of Johnson in '68.
Much of the establishment is conflicted and several Southern Democrats flee to Governor
Noname of Kentucky, a labor-friendly moderate on civil rights issues, in order to try to stop Joyce in Florida. Noname enjoys a surge in polls, but Joyce pulls out a narrow victory in Florida,
49%-
44%.
The election immediately moves to Illinois, where Joyce seems to be pulling off a victory as Koenkai and Noname divide up the votes. However, suspicious "late returns" from Cook County quickly put Koenkai over Joyce and Noname,
39%-
37%-
23%.
Somewhat demoralized, the Joyce campaign moves their battle to Wisconsin, where this time, they managed to win a reasonable
42%-
31%-
29%.
Koenkai waltzes into Massachusetts confident of a landslide, but a last minute Kennedy endorsement for Joyce torpedoes the Koenkai campaign, and although Koenkai wins Boston proper, Joyce wins most of the state, taking it
54%-
44%.
The battle goes toward Pennslyvania where once again, Joyce pulls ahead of a divided field until returns from Philadelphia proper send Koenkai's vote total soaring.
35%-
33%-
32%.
The Washington D.C. race is brutal as a nasty negative attack fanning unsubstantiated rumors of racism in the Joyce campaign, while reminding voters of Koenkai's civil rights record, blares on DC airwaves. Koenkai turns a 20% deficit in the polls into a
59%-
34% victory.
In Indiana, the same ads backfire as Noname accuses Koenkai of ties to "black radical" organizations. This is not helped when the Black Panthers actually endorse Koenkai, a relatively unwanted endorsement. Koenkai sinks in the polls, but Noname actually pulls out a victory against Joyce as many of Koenkai's supporters flee.
41%-
35%-
24%.
In a tremendous act of incompetence, the Noname campaign actually fails to get his name on the ballot in Ohio. Many of his supporters flee to both candidates, although Koenkai does somewhat better, very narrowly taking the state
46%-
45%.
Noname sweeps Tennessee and North Carolina.
Although Koenkai leads in Nebraska due to strong support from rural residents, surburban Omaha turns out in force for Joyce and he takes the state,
49%-
43%. Noname sweeps West Virginia.
Maryland is an extremely tough battle, as Noname sweeps Southern Democrats, Koenkai domnates in Maryland, and Joyce dominates everywhere else. Koenkai eventually takes the state,
36-
34-
29.
On the same day is Michigan, another dead-heat between all three. Joyce narrowly defeats Noname,
39-
38-
23. The two narrow defeats are exceptionally demoralizing to the Noname campaign and it never really recovers.
Joyce subsequently sweeps
Oregon and
Rhode Island.
After a very close fight, the bottom falls off of Koenkai's campaign as the Black Panther endorsement comes home to roost. Though Koenkai does win Oakland. Joyce triumps,
55%-
42%. This is especially devastating as California's delegates, all 271, are winner-take-all. Joyce also sweeps
New Mexico and
South Dakota. However, Koenkai pulls off a narrow
51%-
48% victory in New Jersey.
The convention is unsurprisingly hung.After an extremely angry and debated floor fight based on how to seat delegates from when and where, Joyce takes 47% of the delegates, to Koenkai's 33% and Noname's 20% Noname subsequently throws his support to Koenkai, but the Indiana delegation as well as Florida delegates pledged to Noname switch their votes to Joyce, allowing him to triumph with
54.3% of the delegates.
Nixon is re-elected.