What does this mean?

[v0031]

When killed in battle, Japanese officers were promoted to the next highest rank.
And what does the red mean?

[True Federalist (진정한 연방 주의자)]

It means that such an officer got an automatic posthumous promotion to the rank one grade above the one he held at the time of his death.  Hence a 少佐 (Major) would be promoted to 中佐 (Lt. Colonel) if he died in battle.  It was a way of honoring his sacrifice to his country, and if he left behind surviving dependents, their benefits would be based on the salary of his posthumous rank.

There's almost certainly other militaries that have similar policies, either official or unofficial.

[v0031]

Thank you so much.