List of Alternate Presidents

[DKrol]

The basic premise was the invasion of Normandy bogs down and, because of that, Dewey wins in 1944.

32. Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democratic-New York) March 4, 1933 - January 20, 1945
33. Thomas E. Dewey (Republican-New York) January 20, 1945 - January 20, 1953
34. George S. Patton, Jr. (Democratic-California) January 20, 1953 - January 20, 1957
35. Harold E. Stassen (Republican-Minnesota) January 20, 1957 - January 20, 1965
36. John "Jack" F. Kennedy (Democratic-Massachusetts) January 20, 1965 - August 13, 1971***
37. Albert "Al" A. Gore, Sr. (Democratic-Tennessee) August 13, 1971 - January 20, 1973
38. Donald H. Rumsfeld (Republican-Illinois) January 20, 1973 - February 27, 1978***
39. Daniel "Dan" J. Evans (Republican-Washington) February 27, 1978 - January 20, 1981
40. James "Jimmy" E. Carter, Jr. (Democratic-Georgia) January 20, 1981 - January 20, 1989
41. Kevin H. White (Democratic-Massachusetts) January 20, 1989 - January 20, 1993
42. E. Gerald "Jerry" Brown, Jr. (Republican-California) January 20, 1993 - January 20, 2001
43. Albert "Al" A. Gore, Jr. (Democratic-Tennessee) January 20, 2001 - January 20, 2009
44. Sophia A. Nelson (Republican-Virginia) January 20, 2009 - Current Date

***36. Resigned due to health concerns.
***38. Resigned due to corruption charges.

I'd be interested to see what put Mayor White in the White House in '89.

[TNF]

1. John Milton (Federalist-GA) 1789-1793
2. John Adams (Federalist-MA) 1793-1797
3. Oliver Ellsworth (Federalist-PA) 1797-1801
4. Thomas Jefferson (Republican-VA) 1801-1805
5. Charles Cotesworth Picnkney (Federalist-SC) 1805-1809
6. James Monroe (Republican-VA) 1809-1813
7. Rufus King (Federalist-MA) 1813-1821
8. James Monroe (Republican-VA) 1821-1825
9. Henry Clay (Nationalist-KY) 1825-1829
10. John Q. Adams (Nationalist-MA) 1829-1833
11. Henry Clay (Nationalist-KY) 1833-1837
12. Willie P. Mangum (Nationalist-NC) 1837-1841
13. William H. Harrison (Nationalist-OH) 1841
14. John Tyler (Nationalist-VA, then Independent-VA) 1841-1845
15. James G. Birney (Liberty-NY) 1845-1849
16. Gerrit Smith (Liberty-NY) 1849-1853
17. Winfield Scott (Nationalist-NJ) 1853-1857
18. Millard Fillmore (Nationalist-NY) 1857-1861
19. Abraham Lincoln (Liberty-IL) 1861-1865
20. George B. McClellan (People's-NJ) 1865-1869
21. Horatio Seymour (People's-NY) 1869-1873
22. Benjamin G. Brown (Liberty-MO) 1873-1877
23. James Blanchard (Liberty-IL) 1877-1881
24. James A. Garfield (Liberty-OH) 1881
25. Chester A. Arthur (Liberty-NY) 1881-1885
26. Benjamin F. Butler (Reform-MA) 1885-1889
27. Belva Ann Lockwood (Reform-DC) 1889-1893
28. Benjamin Harrison (Liberty-IN) 1893-1897
29. Charles E. Bentley (Reform-NE) 1897-1901
30. William McKinley (Liberty-OH) 1901
31. Theodore Roosevelt (Liberty-NY) 1901-1905
32. Silas C. Swallow (Reform-PA) 1905-1909
33. August Gilhaus (Workingmens-NY) 1909-1913
34. Arthur Reimer (Workingmens-MA) 1913-1921
35. Warren G. Harding (Liberty-OH) 1921-1925
36. Herman P. Faris (Reform-MO) 1925-1929
37. Frank Webb (Workingmens-CA) 1929-1933
38. Herbert Hoover (Liberty-CA) 1933-1937
39. D. Leigh Colvin (Reform-NY) 1937-1941
40. Franklin D. Roosevelt (Liberty-NY) 1941-1945
41. Claude A. Watson (Reform-CA) 1945-1953
42. Adlai Stevenson (Liberty-IL) 1953-1957
43. Enoch A. Holtwick (Reform-IL) 1957-1961
44. John F. Kennedy (Liberty-MA) 1961-1963
45. Lyndon B. Johnson (Liberty-TX) 1963-1965
46. Clifton DeBerry (Workers'-IL) 1965-1966
DeBerry overthrown in the February Coup of 1966

Presidents of the Provisional Government of the United States (1966-1977)
1. Eugene McCarthy (Liberty-MN) 1969-1973
2. George McGovern (Liberty-SD) 1973-1977
McGovern overthrown in the January Coup of 1977

Presidents of the United States under the Constitution of 1977
1. Lester Maddox (American-GA) 1977-1981
2. Ronald Reagan (American-CA) 1981-1985
3. Lyndon LaRouche (American-VA) 1985-1993
4. George H.W. Bush (Republican-MA) 1993-1997
5. Howard Phillips (American-VA) 1997-2001
6. George W. Bush (Republican-CT) 2001-2004
Revolution of 2004

Presidents of the Provisional Government of the United States
1. Ralph Nader (Independent-CT) 2004-2009
2. Alan Keyes (American-MD) 2009-2011
Revolution of 2011

Presidents of the United Soviet States of America
1. Peta Lindsay (Revolutionary Communist-IL) 2013-

[TNF]

11. Henry Clay (Whig-KY) 1845-1849
12. Lewis Cass (Democratic-MI) 1849-1853
13. Franklin Pierce (Democratic-NH) 1853-1857
14. James Buchanan (Democratic-PA) 1857-1861
15. Abraham Lincoln (Republican-IL) 1861-1865
16. Andrew Johnson (Democratic-TN) 1865-1869
17. Ulysses Grant (Republican-IL) 1869-1877
18. Samuel J. Tilden (Democratic-NY) 1877-1881
19. Winfield S. Hancock (Democratic-PA) 1881-1885
20. James G. Blaine (Republican-ME) 1885-1889
21. Grover Cleveland (Democratic-NY) 1889-1897
22. William McKinley (Republican-OH) 1897-1901
23. Theodore Roosevelt (Republican-NY) 1901-1909
24. William Howard Taft (Republican-OH) 1909-1913
25. Woodrow Wilson (Democratic-NJ) 1913-1917
26. Charles Evans Hughes (Republican-NY) 1917-1925
27. Calvin Coolidge (Republican-MA) 1925-1929
28. Herbert Hoover (Republican-CA) 1929-1933
29. Franklin Roosevelt (Democratic-NY) 1933-1945
30. Harry Truman (Democratic-MO) 1945-1953
31. Dwight Eisenhower (Republican-NY) 1953-1961
32. Richard Nixon (Republican-CA) 1961-1965
33. Lyndon Johnson (Democratic-TX) 1965-1969
34. Richard Nixon (Republican-CA) 1969-1973
35. Ronald Reagan (Republican-CA) 1973-1977
36. Jimmy Carter (Democratic-GA) 1977-1981
37. Ronald Reagan (Republican-CA) 1981-1985
38. George H.W. Bush (Republican-TX) 1985-1993
39. Bill Clinton (Democratic-AR) 1993-2001
40. Al Gore (Democratic-TN) 2001-2005
41. George W. Bush (Republican-TX) 2005-2009
42. Barack Obama (Democratic-IL) 2009-

[Unconditional Surrender Truman]

"Founding Mothers"
The American Revolution results, not just in the overthrow of a monarch, but in the overthrow of the standing societal structure.
1. Abigail Adams (Independent, Federalist) 1789-1797
2. Margaret Corbin (Federalist) 1797-1800*
3. Mercy Otis Warren (Democratic-Republican) 1800-1809
4. Dolley Madison-Payne (Democratic-Republican) 1809-1817
5. Mary Kies-Dixon (Democratic-Republican) 1817-1821
6. Sarah Hale-Buell (Federalist) 1821-1829
7. Harriet Hunt (Federalist) 1829-1837
8. Maria Mitchell (Liberty) 1837-1845
9. Elizabeth Stanton-Cady (Liberty) 1845-1853
10. Antoinette Brown (Liberty) 1853-1857
11. Mary Lincoln-Todd (Democratic) 1857-1865
12. Harriet Tubman (Liberty) 1865-1872
13. Susan B. Anthony (Liberty) 1872-1881
14. Lucy Hayes-Webb (Liberty) 1881-1889
15. Harriet Stowe-Beecher (Prohibition) 1889-1893
16. Belva Ann Lockwood-Bennet (Liberty) 1893-1901
17. Susana M. Salter-Kinsey (Prohibition) 1901-1909
18. Nellie Taft-Herron (Liberty) 1909-1910
19. Jane Addams (Liberty, Reform) 1909-1917
20. Ida Tarbell (Reform) 1917-1925
21. Alice Longworth-Roosevelt (Prohibition, American) 1925-1932
22. Lou Hoover-Henry (American) 1932-1941
23. Eleanor Roosevelt (Reform) 1941-1952
24. Francis Perkins (Reform) 1952-1961
25. Margaret Smith-Chase (American) 1961-1969
25. Patsy Mink (Reform) 1969-1977
26. Rosalynn Carter-Smith (Reform) 1977-1985
27. Elizabeth Dole-Hanford (American) 1985-1997
28. Hillary Clinton-Rodham (American) 1997-2001
29. Barbara Boxer-Levy (Reform) 2001-2009
30. Martin O'Malley (Reform) 2009-present [1]

*=died in office
[1] First male president

[TNF]

17. Andrew Johnson (Democratic-TN) 1865-1868*
18. Benjamin Wade (Republican-OH) 1868-1869
19. Ulysses Grant (Republican-IL) 1869-1877
20. Samuel J. Tilden (Democratic-NY) 1877-1881
21. Ulysses Grant (Republican-IL) 1881**
22. Chester A. Arthur (Republican-NY) 1881-1885
23. Grover Cleveland (Democratic-NY) 1885-1889
24. Benjamin Harrison (Republican-IN) 1889-1893
25. Grover Cleveland (Democratic-NY) 1893-1894***
26. Adlai Stevenson I (Democratic-IL) 1894-1897****
 
*Removed from office.
**Assassinated.
***The entirety of the second Cleveland administration was riven by social and economic conflict, a byproduct of the second crash of the Long Depression in the late 1880s. Escalating conflicts between the administration and a hostile Congress likewise resulted in tensions between the two, exacerbated by the Great Strike of 1894, which saw Cleveland deploy federal troops to put down the strike. Populist agitators and socialists called for the removal of Cleveland from office, and, the Republicans, sensing the unpopularity of Cleveland, jumped at the chance to remove the President and re-assert their control of the executive branch. Cleveland was impeached and removed from office. Incoming President Adlai Stevenson was made aware that his actions were subject to approval by Congress, and so quickly attempted to reverse course on the strike and implement needed political reforms.
****With Congress having gained increased power over the past generation or so and the Presidency weakened perhaps beyond repair, Stevenson mostly caved into whatever the Republican-Populist coalition in the House and in the Senate wanted in terms of political reform. In order to re-assert the balance of power between Congress and the executive, the 16th Amendment was passed creating a kind of semi-presidential system in place of the strict separation of powers put in place by the framers of the Constitution. The President would continue to nominate cabinet secretaries, but these would be members of the House and would be subject to its discipline. A 'First Secretary' of the cabinet would more or less serve a prime ministerial role. Subsequent amendments to the Constitution authorized a tax on incomes (17th), limited the President to a single, six year term set to begin with the election of 1896 (18th), and abolished the electoral college (19th).

Presidents of the United States following the passage of the 16th Amendment

26. Adlai Stevenson I (Democratic-IL) 1894-1901*
27. William P. Frye (Republican-ME) 1901-1903
28. William McKinley (Republican-OH) 1903-1909
29. Joseph B. Foraker (Republican-OH) 1909-1915
30. Charles E. Hughes (Republican-NY) 1915-1921
31. Charles E. Russell (Social Democratic-NY) 1921-1923**
32. Daniel Hoan (Social Democratic-WI) 1923-1927
33. Frank Lowden (Republican-IL) 1927-1933
34. Herbert Hoover (Republican-CA) 1933-1939
35. Upton Sinclair (Social Democratic-CA) 1939-1945
36. Henry A. Wallace (Social Democratic-IA) 1945-1951
37. John W. Bricker (Republican-OH) 1951-1957/1961****
38. James P. Cannon (Communist-IL) 1957-1961

*Stevenson became the first President to be elected to a single, six year term. Unfortunately he would not live to see the end of it, being struck down by an anarchists' bullet two years prior to the expiration of that term.
**Died in office
****Bricker would be elected in tandem with the first ever Communist-led House of Representatives, sparking a constitutional crisis when the administration refused to implement policies proposed by the cabinet. This eventually led to an attempt by the administration to declare the House of Representatives as an 'insurrectionist body' and begin an armed mobilization against it, sparking the Second American Civil War in 1952. A series of conflicts would follow, ultimately resulting in the defeat of the Presidency by the forces aligned with Congress in 1961. Bricker would suspend the Presidential Election of 1956, but in areas controlled by the Communists, the election would result in a sweeping victory for James P. Cannon, who would legally take over the reins of government in 1961.

First Secretaries of the Cabinet of the United States

1. Thomas B. Reed (Republican-ME) 1897-1899
2. William J. Bryan (People's-NE) 1899-1901
3. Thomas B. Reed (Republican-ME) 1901-1902*
4. Mark Hanna (Republican-OH) 1902-1903
5. William R. Hearst (People's-NY) 1903-1905
6. Theodore Roosevelt (Republican-NY) 1905-1909
7. William R. Hearst (People's-NY) 1909-1911
8. Theodore Roosevelt (Republican-NY) 1911-1913
9. William Sulzer (People's-NY) 1913-1915
10. Theodore Roosevelt (Republican-NY) 1915-1917
11. Thomas R. Marshall (People's-IN) 1917-1919
12. Morris Hilquit (Social Democratic-NY) 1919-1921
13. A. Mitchell Palmer (People's-PA) 1921-1923
14. Morris Hilquit (Social Democratic-NY) 1923-1933*
15. Norman Thomas (Social Democratic-NY) 1933-1937
16. Henry S. Breckinridge (Conservative-NY) 1937-1941
17. Norman Thomas (Social Democratic-NY) 1941-1945
18. Robert A. Taft (Conservative-OH) 1945-1947
19. Norman Thomas (Social Democratic-NY) 1947-1951
20. Farrell Dobbs (Communist-MN) 1951-1961

*Died in office

After the defeat of Presidential forces at the Battle of Boston in September 1961, President Bricker was tried and executed for treason, along with those who had supported his administration in the conflict against Congress. A new constitutional convention met in 1959 to devise a new form of government for the United States and re-christen it the United Socialist States of America, a move officially consummated with the victory of 1961, although the USSA claims leadership back to 1959.

Under the new constitution, the President would be a purely ceremonial position, with all power resting in what was described as the 'commune-state.' Elections for the Congress of the USSA occur every two years and themselves elect a National Executive Committee which manages the day to day affairs of the state.

Presidents of the United Socialist States of America

1. James P. Cannon (Communist-IL) 1959-1965
2. Farrell Dobbs (Communist-MN) 1965-1971
3. Henry Winston (Communist-MO) 1971-1977
4. Clifton DeBerry (Communist-IL) 1977-1983
5. Barry Commoner (Libertarian-NY) 1983-1989
6. Lenora Fulani (Libertarian-NY) 1989-1995
7. Huey P. Newton (Workers-CA) 1995-2001
8. Bobby Seale (Workers-CA) 2001-2007
9. Kevin Carson (Libertarian-AR) 2007-2011
10. Bill Ayers (Workers-IL) 2011-

General-Secretaries of the National Executive Committee of the Congress of the United Socialist States of America

1. Farrell Dobbs (Communist-MN) 1959-1961
2. Elizabeth G. Flynn (Communist-NY) 1961-1964*
3. Arvo Halberg (Communist-MN) 1964-1969
4. Fred Halstead (Communist-CA) 1969-1971
5. Arvo Halberg (Communist-MN) 1971-1975
6. Pete Camejo (Communist-CA) 1975-1977
7. Huey P. Newton (Workers-CA) 1977-1979
8. Pete Camejo (Communist-CA) 1979-1981
9. Avro Halberg (Socialist-MN) 1981-1989
10. Murray Bookchin (Libertarian-VT) 1989-1993
11. Bill Ayers (Workers-IL) 1993-1997
12. Murray Bookchin (Libertarian-VT) 1997-1999
13. Tom Hayden (Workers-CA) 1999-2005
14. Richard Wolff (Libertarian-CT) 2005-2007
15. Bobby Rush (Workers-IL) 2007-2009
16. Richard Wolff (Libertarian-CT) 2009-2013
17. Kshama Sawant (Workers-WA) 2013-2015
18. Russell Brand (Libertarian-NY) 2015-

*Died in office

[SPC]

"Founding Mothers"
The American Revolution results, not just in the overthrow of a monarch, but in the overthrow of the standing societal structure.
1. Abigail Adams (Independent, Federalist) 1789-1797
2. Margaret Corbin (Federalist) 1797-1800*
3. Mercy Otis Warren (Democratic-Republican) 1800-1809
4. Dolley Madison-Payne (Democratic-Republican) 1809-1817
5. Mary Kies-Dixon (Democratic-Republican) 1817-1821
6. Sarah Hale-Buell (Federalist) 1821-1829
7. Harriet Hunt (Federalist) 1829-1837
8. Maria Mitchell (Liberty) 1837-1845
9. Elizabeth Stanton-Cady (Liberty) 1845-1853
10. Antoinette Brown (Liberty) 1853-1857
11. Mary Lincoln-Todd (Democratic) 1857-1865
12. Harriet Tubman (Liberty) 1865-1872
13. Susan B. Anthony (Liberty) 1872-1881
14. Lucy Hayes-Webb (Liberty) 1881-1889
15. Harriet Stowe-Beecher (Prohibition) 1889-1893
16. Belva Ann Lockwood-Bennet (Liberty) 1893-1901
17. Susana M. Salter-Kinsey (Prohibition) 1901-1909
18. Nellie Taft-Herron (Liberty) 1909-1910
19. Jane Addams (Liberty, Reform) 1909-1917
20. Ida Tarbell (Reform) 1917-1925
21. Alice Longworth-Roosevelt (Prohibition, American) 1925-1932
22. Lou Hoover-Henry (American) 1932-1941
23. Eleanor Roosevelt (Reform) 1941-1952
24. Francis Perkins (Reform) 1952-1961
25. Margaret Smith-Chase (American) 1961-1969
25. Patsy Mink (Reform) 1969-1977
26. Rosalynn Carter-Smith (Reform) 1977-1985
27. Elizabeth Dole-Hanford (American) 1985-1997
28. Hillary Clinton-Rodham (American) 1997-2001
29. Barbara Boxer-Levy (Reform) 2001-2009
30. Martin O'Malley (Reform) 2009-present [1]

*=died in office
[1] First male president

Wouldn't it be Martin O'Malley-Curran?

[TNF]

Once word got 'round that a bunch of bigwigs were getting together in Philadelphia to do something or another they weren't technically supposed to be doing in 1787 (that is, revising the Articles of Confederation), popular discontent boiled over in a spectacular uprising on August 10, 1791, putting the riotous mobs of Philadelphia in control of government and in control of the political reform process. The 'Second Republic' of the United States had thus been born.

Presidents of the National Constitutional Convention of the American Republic (1792-1804)
1. Thomas Paine (Independent, although generally associated with the Sons of Liberty) 1792-1793
2. Aaron Burr (Columbian Order) 1793-1794
3. Thomas Jefferson (Columbian Order, then Society of 1776) 1794-1799
4. Andrew Jackson (Independent) 1799-1804

The Coup of 1799, led by Andrew Jackson and those military officers loyal to his command during the American Revolutionary Wars, ultimately led to Jackson crowning himself 'Emperor Andrew I' in 1804, inaugurating the American Empire.

Emperors of the United States of America during the First Empire of the United States (1804-1815)

1. Andrew I (House of Jackson) 1804-1815

Following the defeat of Jackson at the battle of Worchester in 1815, Congress declared the end of the Jacksonian dynasty and hastily offered the crown to John Adams. Adams, a staunch republican in youth, had become convinced by the years of the First and Second Republics that such a form of government was untenable, and as such, he quietly accepted the crown, and would be inaugurated as King (not Emperor) John I in 1815, establishing the first Kingdom of the United States that year.

Kings of the Kingdom of the United States (1815-1848)

1. John I (House of Adams) 1815-1824
2. John II (House of Adams) 1824-1830*
3. Charles (House of Adams) 1830-1848**

*John II had notoriously poor relations with Congress, resulting in the July Revolution of 1830. Rather than declaring a new birth of Republicanism or whatever, this was more or less a re-arranging of the deck chairs of monarchy, with Congress declaring John II unfit for his position and instead offering the crown to John II's cousin, Charles Henry Adams.
**Fictional person. All good things must come to an end, and in 1848, they came to an end in a big way for King Charles, who would be overthrown in response to waves of revolutionary activity sweeping across North America and Europe. The King was out and the Third Republic was proclaimed.

Presidents of the Third Republic of the United States (1848-1852)

1. Martin Van Buren (Republican) 1848
2. Andrew Jackson Donelson (American) 1848-1852

In a move that literally everyone should have seen coming, the adopted son of Andrew Jackson, Andrew Donelson, declared himself Emperor of the United States in 1852.

Emperors of the Second Empire of the United States (1852-1870)

1. Andrew II (House of Jackson-Donelson) 1852-1870

Conflicts over slavery in the United States had remained mostly dormant until the 1850s, when the aggressive expansionist politics of Andrew II prompted a slow radicalization that would culminate in the declaration by a number of 'free states' in 1870 that these would no longer be party to any 'union with slavery.' Declaring their allegiance to the 'republican ideal', these states immediately chartered a new government, with fiercely revolutionary New York leading the way. Andrew II responded with an attempt to suppress the rebellion that failed miserably, leading to riots across the country, the takeover of Philadelphia by communists (the famed 'Philadelphia Commune') and the overthrow of his government by the military.

After (barely) managing to retain control of Washington, Congress gave unlimited dictatorial power to General Robert E. Lee to contain the rebels, of which he abjectly failed. He did, however, manage to bring those pesky communists in Philadelphia under control and stabilize the front, for the time being. Humiliated, the rump United States would sign a treaty recognizing the independence of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, and Michigan in 1871, which would subsequently declare themselves the 'Republic of Columbia', harkening back to an older name for the continent and to the famed republicanism of the 'Columbian Order' during the Second Republic.

In the old United States, Congress would attempt to offer Charles F. Adams the crown, but he would refuse it, and for lack of a better option, Congress would declare the Fourth Republic of the United States in 1871. This new Republic would be parliamentary in nature, with a President elected by a bicameral legislature every six years to a single term.

[TNF]

Presidents of the Fourth Republic of the United States (1871-1940)
1. David Davis (Independent) 1871-1873
2. Jeremiah Black (Conservative) 1873-1879
3. Rutherford B. Hayes (Liberal) 1879-1885
4. James A. Garfield (Liberal) 1885-1891
5. Benjamin Harrison (Liberal) 1891-1897
6. John M. Palmer (Liberal Conservative) 1897-1903
7. Henry G. Davis (Liberal Conservative) 1903-1909
8. Thomas Wilson (Liberal Conservative) 1909-1915
9. James Cox (Liberal Conservative) 1915-1921
10. A. Mitchell Palmer (Nationalist) 1921-1927
11. Charles Curtis (People's) 1927-1933
12. John Nance Garner (Nationalist) 1933-1939
13. Wendell Willkie (Nationalist) 1939-1940

Chairmen of the Council of Presidential Ministers (1871-1940)
1. George Morgan (Conservative) 1871-1876
2. James A. Garfield (Liberal) 1876-1877
3. Samuel J. Randall (Conservative) 1877
4. James A. Garfield (Liberal) 1877-1881
5. Nicholas Ford (Radical) 1881-1882
6. Joseph W. Keifer (Liberal) 1882-1884
7. John A. Logan (Liberal) 1884-1885
8. Absolom M. West (Radical) 1885-1886
9. Benjamin Harrison (Liberal) 1886
10. David Davis (Independent) 1886-1887
11. Absolom M. West (Radical) 1887
12. Walter Q. Gresham (Independent) 1887-1888
13. Henry George (Radical Liberal) 1888-1889
14. Walter Q. Gresham (Independent) 1889-1890
15. William McKinley (Liberal) 1890-1895
16. William J. Bryan (Radical Liberal) 1895-1896
17. Walter Q. Gresham (Independent) 1896-1898
18. Thomas E. Watson (Radical) 1898
19. William McKinley (Liberal) 1898-1899
20. James Richardson (Liberal Conservative) 1899-1902
21. William J. Bryan (People's) 1902-1905
22. John S. Williams (Liberal Conservative) 1905-1906
23. William J. Bryan (People's) 1906-1909
24. Victor Berger (Social Democratic) 1909-1911
25. William J. Bryan (People's) 1911-1912
26. Champ Clark (Liberal Conservative) 1912-1913
27. Victor Berger (Social Democratic) 1913
28. Champ Clark (Liberal Conservative) 1913
29. William J. Bryan (People's) 1913-1914
30. Champ Clark (Liberal Conservative) 1914
31. Victor Berger (Social Democratic) 1914-1917
32. Champ Clark (Liberal Conservative) 1917
33. Victor Berger (Social Democratic) 1917
34. William J. Bryan (People's) 1917-1920
35. A. Mitchell Palmer (Nationalist) 1920
36. Champ Clark (Nationalist) 1920-1921
37. Victor Berger (Social Democratic) 1921-1922
38. Finis Garrett (Nationalist) 1922-1924
39. Samuel Ralston (People's) 1924-1925
40. Victor Berger (Social Democratic) 1925-1926
41. Samuel Ralston (People's) 1926
42. Finis Garrett (Nationalist) 1926-1929
43. Daniel Hoan (Social Democratic) 1929
44. John Nance Garner (Nationalist) 1929-1930
45. Huey Long (People's) 1930
46. John Nance Garner (Nationalist) 1930
47. Huey Long (People's) 1930-1931
48. John Nance Garner (Nationalist) 1931-1932
49. Huey Long (People's) 1932
50. Daniel Hoan (Social Democratic) 1932-1933
51. Huey Long (People's) 1933-1934
52. Jo Byrns (Nationalist) 1934-1935
53. Daniel Hoan (Social Democratic) 1935
54. Jo Byrns (Nationalist) 1935-1936
55. William Lemke (People's) 1936
56. Norman Thomas (American Section of the Workers' International) 1936-1937
57. William Lemke (People's) 1937-1938
58. Norman Thomas (ASWI) 1938
59. William Lemke (People's) 1938-1940
60. William Bankhead (Nationalist) 1940

The Fourth Republic lasted awhile, but internal contradictions abounded. A revanchist war against Columbia in the 1910s resulted in a victory for the US, but brought with it political instability as the slavery-dominated US attempted to integrate free territories won in the course of the war into its territory. With an economic crash in the 1930s, these contradictions intensified. Slavery itself was brought into question with the election of the first ever truly socialist government in 1936, but the government of Norman Thomas was continually undermined by the arch-conservative President and Senate, leaving him little to show for his efforts. True to his own pacifistic stance, Thomas would not push the issue, which enraged enough of his supporters that, when the now communist Columbians invaded in 1940, working class Americans would join their ranks and help tear up the old society root and branch.

The United States ceased to exist in 1940, it having been fully incorporated into the Democratic Republic of Columbia that year.


I'll probably do a companion list for Columbia, too, if anyone's interested. This was supposed to be a 'US as France' thing but I decided to make it 'US as CS as France vs. New England as the Soviet Union (but democratic) as Germany', if that makes any sense.

[TNF]

Ah, what the hell. Here's a few lists for the First Republic of Columbia (1871-1918), the Second Republic of Columbia (1918-1933), and the Democratic Republic of Columbia (1933-2015).

Executive Magistrates of the First Republic of Columbia (1871-1918)
Yes, you read that right. With republican experiments not having really worked out all that well so far in this world, what better way to make sure that yours works than by going all out on the whole nostalgia for Rome stuff? Hey, it worked for them! (Sort of). The Republic of Columbia, true to its radical democratic origins, established a single chamber Senate with universal suffrage upon its establishment in 1871. The people elect a nonpartisan 'Executive Magistrate' to represent themselves against any unjust enactment from the legislature every four years, and all of the EMs would be limited to a single term, in hopes of preventing dictatorship or something or another. Ultimately the system would become partisan and would result in deadlock as the Senate and the Magistrate began to grapple over policy matters prior to and immediately after the first re-match between Columbia and the US. The defeat of the Columbians would result in a constitutional crisis and the abandonment of the Magistrate system in 1919.

1. Henry Wilson (Independent) 1871-1875
2. William A. Wheeler (Independent) 1875-1879
3. Chester A. Arthur (Independent) 1879-1883
4. James G. Blaine (Independent) 1883-1887
5. Stephen Cleveland (Liberty) 1887-1891
6. David B. Hill (Liberty) 1891-1895
7. Garret Hobart (Columbian) 1895-1899
8. Theodore Roosevelt (Columbian) 1899-1903
9. Alton B. Parker (Liberty) 1903-1907
10. James S. Sherman (Columbian) 1907-1911
11. Nicholas M. Butler (Columbian) 1911-1915
12. Charles E. Hughes (Columbian) 1915-1918

Presidents of the Executive Council of the Columbian Senate (1871-1918)
More or less the Prime Minister of the Republic of Columbia.

1. James G. Blaine (Columbian) 1871-1883
2. Thomas B. Reed (Columbian) 1883-1890
3. David B. Hill (Liberty) 1890-1891
4. Augustus Van Wyck (Liberty) 1891-1894
5. Thomas B. Reed (Columbian) 1894-1900
6. Stephen Cleveland (Liberty) 1900-1908
7. Alton B. Parker (Liberty) 1908-1909
8. Theodore Roosevelt (Reform) 1909-1917
9. Henry Ford (Independent) 1917
10. Franklin D. Roosevelt (Reform) 1917-1918
11. Leonard Wood (Independent) 1918

Following the defeat of the Columbian armies in the 1914-1918 US-Columbian War, revolutionary uprisings of workers across Columbia occurred that ultimately toppled the First Republic and led to the inauguration of the Second Republic of Columbia (1918-1933). The new Republic would be more parliamentary in nature, weakening the overall power of the Magistrate and enhancing the powers of the Senate. In addition, the Senate would now be elected by means of proportional representation, and a second chamber, the House of Councilors, would be added in an attempt to stabilize the system.

It wouldn't work.


Executive Magistrates of the Second Republic of Columbia (1918-1933)
1. Morris Hillquit (Social Democratic) 1918-1922
2. Louis Waldman (Social Democratic) 1922-1926
3. Leonard Wood (Independent) 1926-1930
4. Charles Lindbergh (Independent) 1930-1934

Presidents of the Executive Committee of the Columbian Congress (1918-1933)
1. Louis Waldman (Social Democratic) 1918-1920
2. Franklin D. Roosevelt (Reform) 1920-1923
3. Leonard Wood (Independent) 1923
4. John Coolidge (Republican) 1923
5. Franklin D. Roosevelt (Reform) 1923-1926
6. Franklin D. Roosevelt (Reform) 1926-1928
7. Morris Hillquit (Social Democratic) 1928-1930
8. Franklin D. Roosevelt (Reform) 1930-1932
9. Henry Ford (Independent) 1932-1933

With the appointment of crypto-fascist Henry Ford as President of the Executive Committee by crypo-fascist President Lindbergh and the subsequent assault on left-wing organizations, the revolutionary spirit of 1918 rose yet again, this time resulting in a short civil war (1933-1936), that saw the victory of the far-left and the inauguration of the Democratic Republic of Columbia in 1933.

Presidents of the National Executive Committee of the National Convention of the Democratic Republic of Columbia (1933-2015)
1. William Z. Foster (Socialist Labor) 1933-1945
2. Tucker P. Smith (Socialist Labor) 1945
3. Alvah Bessie (Socialist Labor) 1945-1949
4. Farrell Dobbs (Socialist Workers) 1949-1963
5. Clifton DeBerry (Socialist Workers) 1963-1966
6. Fred Halstead (Socialist Workers) 1966-1969
7. Charlene Mitchell (Communist) 1969-1974
8. Frank Zeidler (Peace and Socialism) 1974
9. Avro Halberg (Communist) 1974-1982
10. Clifton DeBerry (Socialist Workers) 1982-1998
11. Angela Davis (Communist) 1998-2005
12. Kshama Sawant (Socialist Workers) 2005-

[SPC]

1789: The Founders set up a revolving presidency, whereby the chief executives of each state assume the Presidency in order of ratification. Newly admitted states must wait one cycle before assuming their position in the queue.
1858: Ascension of William Henry Bissell to the Presidency precipitates Southern secession. Secession thus circumvents Alabama's and Arkansas's place in the queue, as does the insubordination of Missouri's elected Governor.
1863: End of Civil War and commencement of reconciliatory Reconstruction policies. Southern states are allowed to reclaim their place in the queue.

Most recent Presidents:

1968 Ronald Reagan
1969 Harold Levander
1970 Tom McCall
1971 Robert Docking
1972 Arch Moore
1973 Mike O'Callaghan
1974 James Exon
1975 Richard Lamm
1976 Arthur Link
1977 Richard Kneip
1978 Thomas Judge
1979 Dixy Lee Ray
1980 John Evans
1981 Edgar Herschler
1982 Scott Matheson
1983 George Nigh
1984 Toney Anaya
1985 Bruce Babbitt
1986 Mike Castle
1987 Bob Casey
1988 Tom Kean
1989 Joe Frank Harris
1990 William O'Neill
1991 Bill Weld
1992 William Schaefer
1993 Carroll Campbell
1994 Steve Merill
1995 George Allen
1996 George Pataki
1997 James Hunt
1998 Lincoln Almond
1999 Howard Dean
2000 Paul Patton
2001 Don Sundquist
2002 Bob Taft III
2003 Mike Foster
2004 Joe Kernan
2005 Haley Barbour
2006 Rod Blagojevich
2007 Bob Riley
2008 John Baldacci
2009 Jay Nixon
2010 Mike Beebe
2011 Rick Snyder
2012 Rick Scott
2013 Rick Perry
2014 Terry Branstad
2015 Scott Walker

Of course, such a limited term left the Presidency as largely a ceremonial role, with most real power being wielded by the Speaker of the House.

[FEMA Camp Administrator]

A Whole New World
31. William Gibbs McAdoo (Democrat-California) March 4th, 1925-March 4th, 1933
32. Fiorello H. LaGuardia (Labor-New York) March 4th, 1933-January 20th, 1941
33. Charles Lindbergh (America First-Michigan) January 20th, 1941-December 7th, 1941
34. Joseph P. Kennnedy (America First-Massachusetts) December 7th, 1941-January 20th, 1945
34. Fiorello H. LaGuardia (Labor-New York) January 20th, 1945-September 20th, 1947
35. Henry A. Wallace (Labor-Iowa) September 20th, 1947-January 20th, 1949
36. Jasper McLevy (Labor-Connecticut) January 20th, 1949-January 20th, 1953
37. John W. Bricker (American-Ohio) January 20th, 1953-January 20th, 1961
38. Vito Marcantonio (Labor-New York) January 20th, 1961-November 22nd, 1963
39. Ronald Reagan (Labor-California) November 22nd, 1963-January 20th, 1973
40. Robert F. Kennedy (American-Massachusetts) January 20th, 1973-January 20th, 1981
41. Henry M. Jackson (Labor-Washington) January 20th, 1981-March 30th, 1981
42. Bronson La Follette (Labor-Wisconsin) March 30th, 1981-January 20th, 1985
43. Richard M. Nixon (American-California) January 20th, 1985-April 22nd, 1994
44. Patrick J. Buchanan (American-Virginia) April 22nd, 1994-January 20th, 1997
45. Richard Gephardt (Labor-Missouri) January 20th, 1997-September 11th, 2001
46. Rudolph W. Giuliani (Labor-New York) September 11th, 2001-January 20th, 2009
47. John S. McCain, III (American-California) January 20th, 2009-Present

[Maxwell]

Fascinating to see Nixon rise so late and a Laborite Giuliani.

[Captain Chaos]

And the Curse of Tippecanoe lives on

[rpryor03]

What If?
Al Gore doesn't run for President

44. George W Bush/Herman Cain (2001-2009)
45. Barack Obama/Ed Rendell (2009-2017)
46. Ed Rendell/Michael Bennet (2017-2021)
47. Joni Ernst/Charlie Baker (2021-2029)
48. Charlie Baker/Jeff Flake (2029-2033)
49. Patrick Murphy/Amy Klobuchar (2033-2041)
50. Elise Stefanik/Niraj Antanj (2041-2049)
51. Michael Tubbs/Valeisha Butterfield-Jones (2049-2053)
52. Richard Pryor/Saira Blair (2053-2061)

[TNF]

Nice list, Cathcon.

[FEMA Camp Administrator]

Nice list, Cathcon.

Thanks, dawg. I had your type of lists in mind when I made it.

[TNF]

32. Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democratic-NY) 1933-45
33. Frank P. Zeidler (Labor-WI) 1945-53
34. Adlai E. Stevenson II (Democratic-IL) 1953-61
35. John F. Kennedy (Democratic-MA) 1961-65*
36. Francis A. "Frank" Sinatra (Labor-NJ) 1965-73
37. John V. Lindsay (Democratic-NY) 1973-77
38. Walter F. Mondale (Labor-MN) 1977-81
39. Mary E. Hanford (Democratic-NC) 1981-93**
40. Edward M. "Ed" Kennedy (Democratic-MA) 1993-97***
41. Michael S. "Mike" Dukakis (Labor-MA) 1997-2005
42. Robert P. "Patrick" Casey, Jr. (Labor-PA) 2005-09
43. John F. "Jack" Kennedy, Jr. (Democratic-MA) 2009-

*First Catholic President.
**First female President.
***First brother of a former President elected President.

32. John N. Garner (Democratic-TX) 1933-41
33. Paul V. McNutt (Democratic-IN) 1941-45*
34. Walter A. O'Brien (Labor-MA) 1945-53
35. John J. Sparkman (Democratic-AL) 1953-57
36. John F. Kennedy (Democratic-MA) 1957-61
37. Stuart Symington (Democratic-MO) 1961-65
38. Howard Metzenbaum (Labor-OH) 1965-73**
39. John Connally (Democratic-TX) 1973-77
40. Allard K. Loewenstein (Labor-NY) 1977-81
41. Edward M. "Ed" Kennedy (Democratic-MA) 1981-93
42. Robert P. "Patrick" Casey, Jr. (Labor-PA) 1997-2005
43. Carol E. Moseley Braun (Labor-IL) 2005-09***
44. Willard M. "Will" Romney (Republican-MI) 2009-****

*McNutt was not President Roosevelt's original running mate in 1940. In an attempt to consolidate southern support, Roosevelt initially selected House Speaker William Bankhead for the number two spot in 1940. However, Bankhead died before the ballots were cast for President, and the Democrats re-convened in an emergency convention to nominate McNutt, a political centrist, for the Vice Presidency.

**First Jewish Vice President.

***First female and first black Vice President.

****First Republican Vice President since the 1930s

[TNF]

And a British list

Lord Salisbury (Conservative) 1886-92
William Gladstone (Liberal) 1892-94
Lord Rosebury (Liberal) 1894-95
Lord Salisbury (Conservative) 1895-1901
Arthur Balfour (Conservative) 1901-10
H.H. Asquith (Liberal) 1910-16
David Lloyd George (Liberal) 1916-22
Andrew Bonar Law (Conservative) 1922-23
Stanley Baldwin (Conservative) 1923-29
David Lloyd George (Liberal) 1929-31
Sir Herbert Samuel (Liberal) 1931-35
Archibald Sinclair (Liberal) 1935-45
Clement Davies (Liberal) 1945-51
Winston Churchill (Conservative) 1951-55
Anthony Eden (Conservative) 1955-57
Harold Macmillan (Conservative) 1957-59
Jo Grimond (Liberal) 1959-66
Edward Heath (Conservative) 1966-74
Jeremy Thorpe (Liberal) 1974
Edward Heath (Conservative) 1974-75
Margaret Thatcher (Conservative) 1975-87
David Steel (Liberal) 1987-88
Paddy Ashdown (Liberal) 1988-97
John Major (Conservative) 1997
Michael Hague (Conservative) 1997-2003
Michael Howard (Conservative) 2003-05
Charles Kennedy (Liberal) 2005-07
Nick Clegg (Liberal) 2007-

[FEMA Camp Administrator]

Expounding on my original list, linked to here.

A Whole New World

31. William Gibbs McAdoo (Democrat-California)/John W. Davis (Democrat-West Virginia) March 4th, 1925-March 4th, 1933

Elected in the party-shattering Republican split of 1924, the McAdoo administration would marked by a few specific policy positions: the unflinching continued backing of prohibition, expanded progressive legislation, and American activism on the world stage. Knowing the conservatism and war-weariness of the public, McAdoo would enact few things that seemed too far from the scope of possibility. Avoiding well-publicized international conflicts and particularly controversial legislation, McAdoo instead appealed to "the common sense of the American people", inviting them to support his administration's stances as part of a national effort. As well, McAdoo oversaw gains in the Democratic party from both conservatives who backed his support for prohibition, and progressives who saw his economic policy as a positive turn from Coolidge (aside from tariffs, naturally). However, the President lost the party significant support from immigrant groups. With a soaring economy, McAdoo rode to a 54% "landslide" against his Republican opponent Hanford MacNider and an independent campaign by former Governor Alfred E. Smith and Senator Joseph France. However, the Great Depression would fell McAdoo, who saw the Democrats collapse in favor of Republicans, while a new "Labor" coalition dominated formerly liberal Democratic constituencies in the East.

32. Fiorello H. LaGuardia (Labor-New York) March 4th, 1933-January 20th, 1941/

The nation's first Italian-American President, LaGuardia would revolutionize the American party system with the victory of the Labor Party in 1932 and subsequent enactment of progressive legislation. Built off of liberal politicians from both parties, previous Progressive Party campaigns, the exodus of left-wingers from both major parties since the early 1920's, and voter discontent from the Great Depression, LaGuardia won nearly 40% against Secretary of State Newton D. Baker and former Governor Alvan T. Fuller. Creating new workplace safety regulations, a social safety net, and signing off on a litany of infrastructure projects, LaGuardia would go down as one of the most transformative Presidents int he nation's history. However, his opposition to Nazi Germany would prevent his chosen successor, George Dern, from taking the same office.

33. Charles Lindbergh (America First-Michigan)/Joseph P. Kennedy (America First-Massachusetts) January 20th, 1941-December 7th, 1941

An American celebrity since the flight of the Spirit of St. Louis, Lindbergh's political activism against American "adventurism" had won him the support of isolationist politicians across the spectrum. With the Labor party, at LaGuardia's behest, adopting a platform denouncing Nazi Germany and flirting with war, and the Republican and Democratic parties busy decimating each other, Lindbergh's backer, Henry Ford, believed that a new vehicle for political representation should be created. The "America First" convention, attended by delegates from all three parties, nominated Lindbergh for President with former Commerce Secretary Joseph Kennedy for Vice President. With the Democrats choosing a rather "useless" Southern nominee and a caucus of liberal Republicans nomianting businessman Wendell Willkie, there were few threats to the America First party but for the incumbent party. In a contentious election marked not only by the debate over American foreign policy but as well by an economic downturn, the America First movement narrowly beat out George Dern.

Despite Congressional support for blocking aid to warring parties and a cabinet of qualified and committed individuals--McAdoo Secretary of Commerce Henry Ford would become Secretary of State--the isolationist mood of the nation was not to last long. On December 7th, while giving a speech before America's Navy in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, disaster struck.

34. Joseph P. Kennedy (America First-Massachusetts) December 7th, 1941-January 20th, 1945

Coming into office, President Kennedy vowed vengeance on America's foes. The irony of a party founded on isolationism conducting a war was not lost on the new President, and he was determined to not only ensure that America be successful in the conflict, but that it remain true to the spirit of the party. In doing so, Kennedy chose to focus America's resources on the Pacific only. The chilly relationship that formed between the President and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill would be the subject of several documentaries and books. Despite a popular war effort, accusations by Labor that the President had "not done enough" to oppose "the totality of the Axis Powers" and that Kennedy had neglected the economy, former President LaGuardia would comfortably beat the incumbent President.

34. Fiorello H. LaGuardia (Labor-New York)/Henry A. Wallace (Labor-Iowa) January 20th, 1945-September 20th, 1947

"The Big Return of the Little Giant" exclaimed Labor-supporting newspapers. Elected on a promise to "Renew the New Deal" and defeat America's Axis antagonists, LaGuardia was determined to do just that. With victory in the Pacific in summer 1946, attention turned towards Europe, where LaGuardia committed troops. However, the President's untimely death would waylay Allied victory.

35. Henry A. Wallace (Labor-Iowa) September 20th, 1947-January 20th, 1949

Less popular than LaGuardia, and regarded even by some in his own party as a left-wing cook, Wallace's administration would not see the same success as his predecessor's. While victory was assured in Europe, Wallace's radical domestic agenda and close post-war relationship with the Soviet Union scared the party organization that Labor had built up. With voters fearing inflation and--though willing to accept aspects of "social democracy" and the like domestically--Soviet communism, the Labor party opted to choose another man for their nomination in 1948.

36. Jasper McLevy (Labor-Connecticut)/Hubert H. Humphrey (Labor-Minnesota) January 20th, 1949-January 20th, 1953

Aging party member and former Connecticut Governor Jasper McLevy was an odd choice for the presidential nomination. Beyond what was then considered the normal age of a President, and in political semi-retirement as the country's Postmaster General, McLevy's star began to rise the moment Wallace assumed the presidency. With party leaders fearful of Wallace's relationship with Communist Russia, leadership began to tack to the center. While a Governor and Mayor, McLevy displayed fiscal restraint atypical of a Socialist and Labor Party member. Convinced to enter his name in the party primaries to allow the voters to decide, McLevy received surprising support from New England, parts of the South, and industrial states. At the convention--previously a formality, McLevy allowed the party leadership to fight for his nomination, beating out Wallace on the first ballot. For Vice President, the convention nominated Minneapolis Mayor Hubert H. Humphrey. On the party's left in terms of civil rights, and a tower of the party line on numerous economic issues, Humphrey had pioneered anti-communist legislation in Minnesota and was known as an anti-Soviet. The alternative ticket, hailing from the newly formed "American Party"--composed of the America First organization as well as strains from both the Democratic and Republican parties--was headed by former Attorney General Thomas Dewey with Governor John W. Bricker of Ohio as his running mate. The irony of the race would be the fact that, early in his career, Dewey had won a race for District Attorney with the support of the Labor Party in New York and President LaGuardia. However, Dewey's isolationist stances as well as his "tough on crime" reputation had drawn him to the Lindbergh administration, where he served as the America First's legal arm, smashing East Coast crime syndicates that political operatives characterized as an extension of Labor's immigrant base. In a narrow victory, McLevy defeated Dewey--much to the surprise of newspaper publishers everywhere.

The "sewer socialist" led a moderate and reasonably popular administration. Most projects that the President pushed would be appraised as "common sense" infrastructure projects. The growth of the United States Federal Budget slowed while the economy experienced moderate improvement. Meanwhile, on foreign matters, McLevy signed off on military improvements and weapons technology research, but refused to spell out a unifying foreign policy ideal, much to the chagrin of members of both parties. A period of relative peace and stability began. Tired of Senator Joseph McCarthy's Pentagon investigations and overall satisfied with what he himself deemed a "caretaker presidency", McLevy opted to retire after a first term.

37. John W. Bricker (American-Ohio)/Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. (American-Massachusetts) January 20th, 1953-January 20th, 1961

Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey, however, would not be the beneficiary of McLevy's popularity. Former Governor John W. Bricker of Ohio, a conservative stalwart, would give the incumbent his due and, in fact, Bricker claimed that Humphrey was unfit to succeed McLevy. "The President has, for his record, sought a Union that is more fiscally responsible, more restrained in foreign adventurism, and much more stable. Humphrey's ambitious plans for greater economic upheaval and American money spent overseas will bring us the domestic turmoil and war of the previous decade." While American didn't wholly buy Bricker's claims, it was clear that the stability the nation had achieved was desirable, and that conservatism seemed more amenable to that stability.

Many of the conservative President's plans would be blocked by a moderate Congress, while Bricker maintained a strong veto against Labor's plans. Meanwhile, moderate military spending kept in place by a strong core of moderates, along with a consistent regulatory state promoted economic growth that, while interrupted, acted to the favor of incumbents in both parties. However, a 1958 recession resulted in a landslide for the Labor Party in Congressional mid-term elections, and made Bricker into a lame duck.

[FEMA Camp Administrator]

38. Vito Marcantonio (Labor-New York)/Ronald W. Reagan (Labor-California) January 20th, 1961-November 22nd, 1963

Vito Marcantonio, by 1960, stood as probably the most dedicated member of the Labor Party left on the national political scene. Speaker of the House for over a decade--non-consecutively--and a representative of the party since its advent in 1930, he had turned down various appointments and even Presidential runs. However, in his fifth term as Speaker of the House, Marcantonio was worried about the state of the union. "For at least twelve years, any true advancement in the human condition has stagnated in the bowels of Congress while two different White Houses preferred to be 'careful'. I won't risk that again." Easily nominated over the more moderate Lyndon Johnson, his campaign selected one-term Governor Ronald Reagan for Vice President. A House member between 1949 and 1959, Reagan had a strong left-wing record, with particular emphasis on environmentalism. Reagan had distinct appeal to both the "Hollywood Class" and the wealthy donors associated with it, as well as blue collar Sun Belt due to his ability to spin populist rhetoric.

In a close election, Marcantonio was able to beat Vice President Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. and his running-mate Senator Richard Nixon of California, with the Golden State being the deciding factor. Coming into office, the President offered sweeping change. "The 1950's will likely be remembered as an era of missed opportunities. While we sought stability, we were given stagnation; while we sought peace, we forsook progress; never shall this nation again back down from its obligations to its own citizens and to the world in the name of fear and defeatism." In accordance with his inaugural address, a vast sum of left-wing legislation was brought before Congress and summarily signed into law by the President: nationalization of the steel industry, universal health programs, federal enforcement of minority voting rights, and a federal agency devoted to environmental protection. In international affairs, Marcantonio revitalized dialogue between the United States and the Soviet Union. "It is only fitting that the world's two most powerful countries should at last agree to bear their responsibility to the whole of humanity." Before the summer of 1963 reached, international treaties regarding environmental concerns and worker's rights were signed. On July 4th, 1963, President Marcantonio announced that it was time for him to offer his own "corollary" to the Monroe Doctrine: Latin American development. The President believed that, as opposed to the Soviet Union's aid to Cuba and other burgeoning people's republics, the nation should choose, instead, to foster worker's equality in the Western Hemisphere. In an autumn visit to Cuba, President Vito Marcantonio was shot thrice in the chest by anti-communist Cuban native Mario Rubio.

39. Ronald Reagan (Labor-California)/vacant, Abraham Ribicoff (Labor-Connecticut) November 22nd, 1963-January 20th, 1973

Taking the Oath of Office aboard Air Force One, Ronald Wilson Reagan inherited a large legacy. Vowing to continue the progress made under Marcantonio, Reagan signed waiting pieces of legislation left on his predecessor's desk. In the 1964 election, "The Gipper" easily trounced Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona, who he denounced as a "right-wing extremist". Coming into his first full term, Reagan eyed a much larger prize than what most of his party faithful envisioned. A proud believer in American exceptionalism, Reagan believed that the nation and its people would be best served by not only advancing progressive goals domestically, but by advancing America itself abroad. While many of Marcantonio's cabinet regarded Reagan as an "amiable dunce" and assumed he would merely sign off on Congress' legislation and that be it, the Californian was much more a visionary than predicted. Bringing new voices into the cabinet, including Henry Kissinger as Secretary of State and Jeanne Kirkpatrick as a "security adviser", Reagan began--largely covertly--attempting to revitalize American strength. "Thanks to the delusions of internationalists like Henry Wallace and outright defeatists like John Bricker, we have allowed the Soviet Union to slowly dominate the globe!" Despite a largely left-wing domestic agenda, Reagan was determined that his country, not the Russians', be the global arbiter of "justice". "By the end of the 1970's, we'll have ended up a  mere client state of the U.S.S.R. if this trend continues!" With the botching of peace talks to fully ban nuclear weapons worldwide in 1965, Reagan's worldview became entrenched with several members of the belt-way, and the nation became more militarized. Specific actions, including the co-opting of several non-communist regimes throughout the Third World and re-engaging with Western Europe and China (the two main geo-political opponents to the Soviet Union in previous decades), would be taken that would stir opposition from both the far-right and the far-left.

With a still-expanding economy in 1968, President Reagan comfortably trounced former Connecticut Governor George Bush, whose patrician style was easily outdone by Reagan's ease and affability. Among the Senator's campaign gimmicks was his denunciation of Reagan's domestic policies as "voodoo economics", warning that "Labor's plans for this nation will lead to runaway inflation, industrial ruin, and the complete reversal of the traditional incentives which drive an economy."

Bush would prove correct and, by November 1969, Reagan signed executive orders regarding price and wage ceilings in both nationalized and free industries. Meanwhile, Reagan's foreign policy collapsed when, on August 2nd, 1970, American defense installments in Israel were bombed by a Soviet-backed coalition of Arab States. Addressing the nation, Reagan vowed to do what he could on the international stage to denounce the attacks. Covertly, his intelligence apparatus began laying plans to decimate Soviet client states across the globe. Reagan's Attorney General Edward Brooke, meanwhile, filed claims before the United Nations regarding violations by the Soviets of international codes regarding the environment and worker regulations, originally approved during Marcantonio's presidency, however, it was not enough. The American Party, previously a largely isolationist caucus, was whipped into an anti-Soviet fervor, and Reagan's own party began rejecting him. After receiving only a plurality of support in the nationwide primaries, Reagan declined to seek re-election to a third full term, paving the way for the nomination of George McGovern.

40. Robert F. Kennedy (American-Massachusetts)/Donald Rumsfeld (American-Illinois) January 20th, 1973-January 20th, 1981

A creature of his father's creation, the arch-conservative Robert F. Kennedy had worked his way up the legal and political ladder first in Washington D.C., then in Massachusetts. Second Director of Central Intelligence under President Bricker, Kennedy would serve as his Attorney General during the former's last year in office. Having made his bones on the small intelligence apparatus that had first been erected during LaGuardia's final term, Kennedy had a finely developed anti-communist instinct. Elected Governor of Massachusetts in 1960, and then the Senate in 1964, he was noted for "having developed a particular air about him that made him acceptable to the largely-WASP American Party in Massachusetts, and as well acceptable to the very Catholic nature of the general electorate in that same state." As such, the Baystater was well-poised for electoral success, combining the right's economic conservatism with a desire by Irish blue collars for economic protection from abroad and someone to represent the ideals of their faith. With experience in the national defense, legal affairs, governing, and legislation, Kennedy was the ideal face for an American Party undergoing serious changes in the 1970's.

Coming into office after having comfortably beaten George McGovern, Kennedy was determined that America at last assert itself as not only an equal to the Soviets, but by far their superior. Prior to Reagan, the nation's foreign policy had been dominated by the isolationist views of Kennedy's own party and the belief by Laborals that the U.S.S.R. was a "partner in progress". With Reagan's deference towards foreign policy "realism" came an opening for a school of thought wholly opposed to the existence of the Soviet Union. Calling upon Western Europe and the United Nations to levy condemnations and sanctions upon the Soviets for their violations of international law, he meanwhile not only green-lighted Reagan Era anti-communist operations, but pursued the first true military buildup since the Second World War.

In order to properly manage the inflation and "economic unraveling incurred by years of Laboral inversion of basic theory", Kennedy pioneered a "Third Way" in domestic politics, establishing a center for economic policy research to discuss the true results of the last several decades' worth of legislation. As the President expected, results were mixed. Instead of gutting programs entirely, the Kennedy administration chose to revamp and rewire the nation's anti-poverty regime, installing productivity quotas and also allowing private competition in previously nationalized industries. A tight monetary policy was enforced that many predicted would be his undoing. However, by 1976, the economy had recovered from this additional strain and Kennedy won a landslide re-election against Senator Jimmy Carter of Georgia (later dubbed by many historians to be the first "New Labor" nominee). By 1980, the President could rightfully say that America was fast-approaching parity with the Soviet Union in military stockpiles, and that several failed workers' states in the Third World had been overthrown. Economic contractions as the result of a new set of national economic regulations, however, would determine that his Vice President Donald Rumsfeld never took the Oath of Office.

[FEMA Camp Administrator]

41. Henry M. Jackson (Labor-Washington)/Bronson La Follette (Labor-Wisconsin) January 20th, 1981-March 30th, 1981

With the tide of national anti-communism sweeping the nation in a way not seen since the late 1940's, Henry Jackson was the ideal candidate for Labor. President Kennedy had successfully pilloried Labor as "The party of George McGovern", and Jackson's record said otherwise. A supporter of the United States military and a believer, like Reagan, in American exceptionalism, he waylaid fears that his administration would "sell out national interests to the Soviets" by pointing to his traditional support for trade protections and industrial subsidies, as well as how in line his own foreign policy votes had been with "post-1970 foreign policy consensus". "In fact, I was championing enforcement of international regulatory regimes long before my opponent bothered to even speak on foreign affairs".

Elected narrowly thanks to economic contractions in 1980, the Jackson Presidency would be a short-lived one, as Jackson was slain by an anti-war protester's bullet on March 30th, 1981.

42. Bronson La Follette (Labor-Wisconsin)/vacant, John Lindsay (Labor-New York) March 30th, 1981-January 20th, 1985

Bronson LaFollette had been chosen for Vice President in order to appeal to "Marcantonio voters", left-wingers who were, as some derisively put it, "still trapped in the illusions of the 1960's". In many ways a traditional Laboral--dovish, left-wing, socially liberal--he would be filling the shoes of a man whose policies he opposed. With soaring approvals following Jackson's assassination, he signed off on the Economic Revitalization Act of 1981. However, it would be foreign policy that doomed him, as he sought detente in an era where there was none to be had. Rebuffed by the Soviets after initial talks for a variety of reasons, La Follette nevertheless chose, via executive order, many anti-communist operations that he deemed "offensive to the conscience". While renominated by his party in 1984, he was beaten rather comfortably by Richard M. Nixon.

43. Richard M. Nixon (American-California)/Margaret Heckler (American-Massachusetts), Patrick J. Buchanan (American-Virginia) January 20th, 1985-April 22nd, 1994

In an America that longed both for the defeat of communism and a return to the peace and hopes of an earlier era, "Nixon's the One". Robert F. Kennedy's Secretary of State for eight years, a United States Senator for the previous 20, and a national politician since 1946, Nixon promised both the peace of the era he'd come of political age in, and the victory that America so longed on the international stage. Signing even bigger conventional arms build-ups, he, at the same time, sought successful (on paper) international reductions in nuclear weapons. Managing to negotiate international collaborations against human rights violations even in Russia itself, as well as toppling several of its satellites and spurring massive amounts of Soviet weapons-spending, by the end of his second term, it appeared the U.S.S.R. was on the brink. Quelling protests that, due to his age and the fact that no President successfully completed a full third term, he should allow another nominee to step forward in 1992, Nixon successfully beat Massachusetts Senator Paul Tsongas in 1992. In 1993, the Soviet Union, capitulating under international legal, military, and economic pressure, at last collapsed. Richard Nixon soon followed, dying on April 22nd, 1994.

44. Patrick J. Buchanan (American-Virginia) April 22nd, 1994-January 20th, 1997

"In the last year, we finally won the battles of this century. The Soviet Union is no more; international protections for human and environmental rights are stronger than they have ever been prior to this point; every American is able to participate fully in our democracy. The obligations of us to our globe that President Vito Marcantonio articulated over thirty years ago have been met. The time has come for our young nation to again look inward. While our national spirit has been bolstered by recent victories on the global stage, the American soul requires an examination of conscience. Crime is a bigger problem than ever in our inner cities. Religion is on the decline and with it, America's sense of public life. Voter turnout is lower than ever. Meanwhile, America's industrial centers have been spurned by international investment, in favor of the newly freed Third World. The world has been won by American blood and American money. It is time that we begin to fix ourselves." President Buchanan's inaugural address would pay tribute to the memory of his political mentor, Richard Nixon, but also make clear that the nation still had much to do. Despite high approval for his withdrawing of American troops from foreign lands, and trade barriers being reinstated, Buchanan's hard right domestic policies would alienate moderate voters across the economic and racial spectrums. While seen as a good debater by the voters, he would nevertheless lose to the popular candidate of "New Labor", Tennessee Senator Albert Gore, Jr. in 1996.

[FEMA Camp Administrator]

45. Albert Gore, Jr. (Labor-Tennessee)/Rudolph W. Giuliani (Labor-New York) January 20th, 1997-September 11th, 2001

While many agreed that America needed to fix her problems internally, the public did not choose the fire-and-brimstone Buchanan to be the mechanic. Despite Buchanan's rather fierce debating style, Gore came off as the much more amiable of the two candidates. Easily deposing of claims that he was "soft on crime" or a vehement social liberal--Gore and Buchanan actually shared many agreements on abortion--Gore was able to re-attract suburban and middle class voters to the Labor Party, people who had not fully embraced Labor for decades. Benefiting from a good economy that was much more the result of technological expansion and previous policies than his own doing, Gore was able to broker a number of trade deals with the emerging markets in the former-Third World. Despite passing a number of bills relating to technology research and environmental protections, Gore would face a very tough challenge from Illinois Governor Hillary Rodham-Ryan, who charged that the President hadn't done nearly enough with his office to merit a second term, that his environmental policies were helping to chase investment overseas, and that he was merely benefiting from a "technology and real estate bubble". Citing her own record on crime reduction, Hillary also stated that while Gore talked tough on crime, the reduction in it was the result of economic factors and that, "the second a recession hits, and one will, I believe, with the administration's policies, crime will spike to previous levels because of this Presidency's lax stance on the issue." While Gore would win--albeit narrowly--he would have less than a year to bask in a second term, as, on September 11th, 2001, Air Force One was hijacked as part of a wave of terrorist attacks, and he was killed.

46. Rudolph W. Giuliani (Labor-New York)/vacant,  September 11th, 2001-January 20th, 2009

As a former mayor and longtime resident of New York City, the September 11th attacks were a subject of grave importance to the new President. Not only had the country lost its chief executive, but his home had seen the loss of over 4,000 lives and massive infrastructural devastation. Giuliani's political career began as a U.S. Attorney during the La Follette administration. With Nixon's election, Giuliani believed he should look elsewhere for political advancement. In 1985, he beat incumbent Mayor Mario Cuomo in the Labor primary by tacking decisively to his right on crime issues. Since the late 1960's, crime had been on the rise, and Giuliani was the first mayor of a major city to pioneer innovative new crime control techniques. While later statistical analysis would show that their effect was debatable at best, it was a public relations victory for the Mayor, who was re-elected with the endorsements of the Liberal and American parties in 1989. Elected to the Senate in 1992, he had voiced agreement with the Nixon administration's crime control and foreign policy initiatives, but differed significantly with Buchanan's "culture war". With Gore looking for a running mate with executive experience who could not only appeal to traditional white ethnic Labor voters but also dis-spell claims that he would be soft on crime, Giuliani was an easy choice.

Struck with both moral determination and political motivation, Giuliani rode a wave of post-9/11 fervor to pursue a "War on Terror", pouring millions in funding into both the Pentagon and the Central Intelligence Agency, fueling the creation of "anti-terrorism strategies". "I have a long history of dealing with thugs, dating back to my earliest days as an attorney in New York, and this will prove no different. These Islamic radicals have tried to threaten the very heart of our nation with these attacks. However, the indomitable spirit of the American people will drive our victory in this clash of civilizations." The "Post-9/11 Mentality" would be used to justify invasions of Palestine, Afghanistan, and Iran in the next two years. Meanwhile, on the domestic front, the National Security Act implemented policies of questionable constitutionality including new security checkpoints at airports, militarization of municipal police, stringent gun control policies in urban areas, and warrantless wire-tapping. With the nation still caught in the uproar thanks to a spirited campaign by the White House, Giuliani was easily re-elected in 2004 against former Virginia Governor Jim Webb. However, by 2008, the nation was war-weary, and the economy had taken a toll. Defying advice that he shouldn't pursue a second full term, Giuliani was nevertheless defeated by a comfortable margin at the hands of California Senator John McCain.

47. John S. McCain, III (American-California)/Robert Conley (American-South Carolina) January 20th, 2009-Present

A prisoner of war in the early 1970's during American conflicts in Africa had done little to sully the intellect or ambitions of John McCain. However, reduced to administrative work state-side, McCain was forced to settle on politics rather than military advancement. His appointment to become Secretary of the Navy in 1977 was an admirable start. Elected to the Senate in 1980 to succeed fellow party member Sam Yorty, McCain had a voting record largely in-line with his party until the 1990's, when he began to advance himself as a "maverick" moderate, unafraid to follow his conscience or ideals. Narrowly beaten by Jim Webb (a fellow former Navy Secretary) in 2004 for the American Party nomination due to complaints that he was too moderate, McCain's tact in criticizing the Giuliani administration's policies nevertheless earned him points with his party.

Beating Giuliani by a wide margin due to voters tired of the Labor Party, its war, and its recession, McCain sought a middle ground in policy proposals, hoping to avoid the pitfalls of both Giuliani and Buchanan. Achieving telecommunications re-regulation, the weakening of several of Giuliani's domestic anti-terrorism measures, and withdrawal from a number of foreign policy entanglements abroad, the economy had remained moribund. Despite several measurable upticks, many within the administration have privately ceded that waiting for the economy is a matter of time rather than policy. McCain won re-election against Governor Brian Moore of Florida, who had challenged Giuliani four years prior. Currently, Jim Webb, who served as McCain's Secretary of Defense from 2009 to 2012, is the front-runner, having seemingly been vindicated by Giuliani's second term.

[TNF]

16. Abraham Lincoln (Republican-IL) 1861-65*
17. Andrew Johnson (Democratic-TN) 1865-69
18. Ulysses S. Grant (Republican-OH) 1869-73
19. Samuel J. Tilden (Democratic-NY) 1873-77
20. Ulysses S. Grant (Republican-OH) 1877-81
21. Winfield S. Hancock (Democratic-NJ) 1881*
22. William H. English (Democratic-IN) 1881-85
23. Ulysses S. Grant (Republican-OH) 1885**
24. John A. Logan (Republican-IL) 1885-86**
25. John Sherman (Republican-OH) 1886-89
26. Stephen Cleveland (Democratic-NY) 1889-93
27. John Sherman (Republican-OH) 1893-97
28. Stephen Cleveland (Democratic-NY) 1897-1905
29. Theodore Roosevelt (Republican-NY) 1905-09
30. William H. Taft (Republican-OH) 1909-17
31. Charles E. Hughes (Republican-NY) 1917-21
32. James Cox (Democratic-OH) 1921-23**
33. Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democratic-NY) 1923-25
34. Robert La Follette (Farmer-Labor-WI) 1925**
35. Burton K. Wheeler (Farmer-Labor-MT) 1925-29
36. Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democratic-NY) 1929-33
37. Norman Thomas (Farmer-Labor-NY) 1933-41
38. Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democratic-NY) 1941-45
39. Henry Wallace (Farmer-Labor-IA) 1945-53
40. Adlai E. Stevenson (Democratic-IL) 1953-57
41. Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr. (Democratic-MA) 1957-61
42. Lyndon B. Johnson (Democratic-TX) 1961-65
43. Hubert H. Humphrey (Farmer-Labor-MN) 1965-73
44. Richard M. Nixon (Democratic-CA) 1973-77
45. Walter F. Mondale (Farmer-Labor-MN) 1977-85
46. George H.W. Bush (Democratic-TX) 1985-97
47. William J. "Bill" Blythe III (Democratic-AR) 1997-2001
48. Paul Wellstone (Farmer-Labor-MN) 2001-02**
49. Jeanne Shaheen (Farmer-Labor-NH) 2002-13
50. Barack H. Obama (Democratic-HI) 2013-

*Assassinated.
**Died in office.

[rpryor03]

What If: John Kennedy Lived

35. John Kennedy/Lyndon Johnson (1961-1969)
36. Lyndon Johnson/Hubert Humphrey (1969-1977)
37. Ronald Reagan/Gerald Ford (1977-1985)
38. Gerald Ford/Bob Dole (1985-1993)
39. Bill Bradley/Tom Harkin (1993-2001)
40. John McCain/Steve Forbes (2001-2009)
41. Howard Dean/Harry Reid (2009-2017)
42. John Kasich/Susana Martinez (2017-2025)
43. Kamala Harris/Barry Obama (2025-2033)
44. Joni Ernst/Jeff Flake (2033-2041)

Losing Tickets
1960: Richard Nixon/Henry Cabot Lodge
1964: Barry Goldwater/William Miller
1968: Richard Nixon/Spiro Agnew
1972: Nelson Rockefeller/George Romney
1976: Hubert Humphrey/Scoop Jackson
1980: Scoop Jackson/Paul Simon
1984: Michael Dukakis/Walter Mondale
1988: Jimmy Carter/Al Gore
1992: Pat Buchanan/Phil Gramm
1996: George HW Bush/Connie Mack III
2000: Tom Harkin/Bill Clinton
2004: Bill Richardson/Joe Biden
2008: Steve Forbes/Lincoln Chaffee
2012: Rick Santorum/Jon Huntsman
2016: Harry Reid/Hillary Rodham Clinton
2020: Andrew Cuomo/Sherrod Brown
2024: Susana Martinez/Scott Brown
2028: Scott Brown/Kristi Noem
2032: Barry Obama/Gavin Newsom
2036: Gavin Newsom/Chris Murphy

[TNF]

JFK Lives, TNF-style

35. John Kennedy (Democratic-MA) 1961-69
36. George W. Romney (Republican-MI) 1969-73
37. Robert Kennedy (Democratic-NY) 1973-77
38. John Anderson (Republican-IL) 1977-85
39. Jack F. Kemp (Republican-NY) 1985-89
40. Albert A. "Al" Gore, Jr. (Democratic-TN) 1989-97
41. Bill Bradley (Republican-NJ) 1997-2005
42. Bill Richardson (Democratic-NM) 2005-13

37. Lyndon Johnson (Democratic-TX) 1961-65
38. George Smathers (Democratic-FL) 1965-69
39. James A. Rhodes (Republican-OH) 1969-73
40. James E. "Jimmy" Carter (Democratic-GA) 1973-77
41. Jack F. Kemp (Republican-NY) 1977-85
42. Lamar Alexander (Republican-TN) 1985-89
43. Richard Gephardt (Democratic-MO) 1989-97
44. John A. Danforth (Republican-MO) 1997-2005
45. Barack H. Obama (Democratic-IL) 2005-13

1964: Nelson A. Rockefeller of New York and Barry M. Goldwater of Arizona (Republican), George Wallace of Alabama and Harlan Sanders of Kentucky (Constitution)
1968: Eugene McCarthy of Minnesota and Sargent Shriver of Maryland (Democratic), George Wallace of Alabama and John G. Schmitz of California (Constitution)
1972: George W. Romney of Michigan and James A. Rhodes of Ohio (Republican)
1976: Robert F. Kennedy of New York and James E. "Jimmy" Carter of Georgia (Democratic), John Ashbrook of Ohio and Lawrence McDonald of Georgia (Independent)
1980: James E. "Jimmy" Carter of Georgia and Walter F. Mondale of Minnesota (Democratic)
1984: Edward M. "Ted" Kennedy of Massachusetts and Lloyd M. Bentsen of Texas (Democratic)
1988: Jack F. Kemp of New York and Lamar Alexander of Tennessee (Republican), Lowell Weicker of Connecticut and Richard Lamm of Colorado (Independent)
1992: Paul D'Amato of New York and George Deukmeijan of California (Republican), Lowell Weicker of Connecticut and Ed Zschau of California (People's)
1996: Richard Gephardt of Missouri and Joseph Lieberman of Connecticut (Democratic), Pat Buchanan of Virginia and Bob Dornan of California (Conservative)
2000: Joseph Lieberman of Connecticut and John McCain of Arizona (Democratic)
2004: John F. Kerry of Colorado and Hillary Rodham of Illinois (Republican)
2008: Mitt Romney of Michigan and Tom Barrett of Wisconsin (Republican)