Or at least the Soviet Union would not have existed.
The U.S. superiority in strategic weaponry during the 50's and early 60's was overwhelming and could afflict serious damage unto the Soviet Union. The Soviets, on the other hand, had no long-range ballistic missiles; the soviet bomber fleet was obsolete, and the Soviet submarine fleet didn't have the range to make to the U.S. coast. The only thing the Soviets had to threaten the U.S. at the time was the intermediate range ballistic missile, and the time it took to fuel and launch those missiles---said missiles would have been destroyed.