Do American students have to do such exams?
Yep; I just finished the 8th grade Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test in reading, and it's the same format. You read a passage then answer a few multiple choice questions on it. Similar ones for math and science, plus a 40-minute period where we just write then they grade that, and End of Course exams on top of that.
Most questions are just stuff like this:
Read this excerpt from the article.
The explorers had been traveling across the dry, sandy fields for days when suddenly they found themselves at the edge of a luxuriant valley.
What does the word
luxuriant mean as used in the sentence above?
A. hilly
B. harsh
C. rich in plants
D. rich in luxury
Read this sentence from the passage.
Thankfully, the men dragged out sleeping bags and sodden clothes and hung them in the rigging to dry.
What does the word
sodden mean as used in the sentence above?
A. bed
B. dirty
C. sailing
D. soaked
Stuff like that.