1790 Turn: The Second Year

[Lumine]

1790: The Second Year

January 1st to December 31st, 1790

In the News!

Government survives first year

Madison navigates through partisan divisions, Government still seen as untested

The Union expanded?

Push for new states grows exponentially, tension in Western Pennsylvania

Will the economy revive?

Ongoing speculation towards Land Act, new Secretary Gallatin

Indicators:

Economic Prosperity:

Very Low (High debt, ongoing deficit)

Faction Popularity:

(meant to reflect areas in which the faction exists)

Patriot: Highly Popular
Western: Popular
Democratic Republican: Respected
Hamiltonian: Respected
Whig: Respected
Radical: Respected
Tory: Very Unpopular

1.- Turn: This turn lasts across the whole year or 1790, following the same model as the previous turn. As always, you're free to organize your factions, publish in the press, fight in the National Assembly, pursue intrigue and try and influence the course of events.

[Lumine]

Kentucky petitions for statehood!

Franklin, Vermont continue steps for eventual petitions

LEXINGTON - As the push for new states has achieved significant momentum across the western frontier, the first of the potential states has finally managed to get a petition sent to the National Assembly. Once the western frontier of Virginia, the citizens of the Kentucky region had already organized a strong push for statehood which was delayed by the constitutional process and the new election, and having finally been allowed by the Virginia State Government the ability to secede the so called Commonwealth of Kentucky has sent an immediate and official petition to the National Assembly to see their statehood accepted. Should a faction sponsor a bill and the Assembly pass it, Kentucky will immediately become the fourteenth state.

Across the rest of the nation, two other potential states are undertaking successful efforts that could see them become states pretty soon as well: the Republic of Vermont continues its negotiations with the State of New York regarding their boundary lines to allow for eventual statehood, and unless a dramatic event takes place to derail negotiations it is believed Vermont will be allowed to petition by early 1791. A similar case happens in the Franklin area across western North Carolina, as the State Government - possibly due to joint Western and Patriot pressure - has halted the sabotage of efforts by the citizens of the area to constitute themselves as a state. With this substantial push, it is believed indeed that Franklin could also venture a petition next year.

Standoff in Pennsylvania!

Western Herald in conflict with State Government, Radicals move against Westerns

PHILADELPHIA - Despite the fact that Pennsylvania law was explicit about support for seccession in Westsylvania amounting to treason, the Western Herald - newspaper closely affiliated to General Wilkinson and the Western Faction - took a massive gamble by openly promoting seccession and commiting treason as stated by law. Deeply concerned about the prospect of internal conflict the Governor of Pennslylvania sought the aid of Radical Leader Benjamin Franklin to find a way to address this challenge to the state government, and Mr. Franklin sprung to action.

Declining to have the Western Herald closed down, the Radicals instead had the Western Herald staff placed under house arrest on account of the charges of treason, while allowing them to continue publishing the newspaper. In the immediate days after that the pro-Radical legislature then seize the moment to repeal the compromise act that would have moved the capital westwards, and began rallying eastern Pennsylvanians with the help of anti-Western propaganda which managed to hit on a soft spot.

The conflict deepens within Pennsylvania as most of the state (including the East) closes ranks with the Governor, Franklin and the Radicals, whereas across the West General Wilkinson and the Western Herald staff are hailed as heroes as the calls for secession grow. What will happen next?

Constitutional Monarchy in France!

While the Austrian Netherlands revolt, Louis XVI is turned into a constitutional monarch

PARIS - King Louis XVI has apparently dropped his earlier staunch opposition to the revolutionary process in France as a series of compromises and negotiation have taken place between the French deputies and the Monarch himself, many pointing out towards Mirabeau and the Marquis de LaFayette as some of the strongest advocates for a new system of government that would see France become a constitutional monarchy. Despite reports of Louis XVI being strongly encouraged by Queen Marie Antoinette and his own brothers to take action, Louis has seemingly accepted his new role of a constitutional monarch and given up significant powers in the process.

Not all is quiet in France, however. After the death of Emperor Joseph II the Austrian Netherlands remain in full rebellion as rebels create the so called United States of Belgium and declare their independence, many within France calling for action to support the rebels in the area. Furthermore, taking advantage of the rapidly increasing influence it has, the National Constituent Assembly has taken a bold, dramatic step to secularize France by passing the Civil Constitution of the Clergy and demanding that priests across France take an oath. While some, like the Bishop of Autun have taken his oath, most of the Church refuses to do so, setting the stage for religious conflict across France.

[_]

Activites of James Jackson for January-March of 1790

January-March 1790:  During time in which he was not engaged in business of the National Assembly, James Jackson sent out numerous letters to Patriot associations throughout the Southern states, and the proposed states of Kentucky and Franklin.  

In the letters to southern states, Mr. Jackson urged the local Patriot associations to form state level organizations, from which the faction could be better organized on the state level, recruit potential supporters of the Patriots as well as spread Patriot pamphlets and copies of The Patriot Star to win over citizens to the faction, and pursue recruitment of candidates for local offices, the state legislatures, and candidates for constituencies in the next General Election.

In his letters to Patriot associations in Kentucky and Franklin, Mr. Jackson urges the associations to pursue the formation of state level organizations as associations throughout the south are being urged to.  In addition to this, in his letters to Franklin's associations, Mr. Jackson urged them to push for the formation of a government capable of petitioning for statehood within the territory, and submitting a petition for statehood as soon as possible.

[_]

Activites of James Jackson for April-June of 1790

April-June 1790:  With the passage of the Land Act, Mr. Jackson sees a unique opportunity for the Patriots to benefit the people of the South.  During April, Mr. Jackson sent out letters to Patriots in state legislatures throughout the South, primarily to those in Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia, as well as Patriot associations in Kentucky. 

In these letters, Mr. Jackson outlines his belief that Patriots in these states should push for passage of legislation similar to the Land Act of 1789, in order to not only produce revenues for state governments, but to also give citizens the chance to own land for themselves and expand each state's population.  In one key difference from the federal legislation, he states that there should be options for purchases of tracts of land up to 1000 Acres in size, while requiring these purchases be made by those intending to create plantations.  

In his letters to Patriot associations in Kentucky, Mr. Jackson urges them to prepare for the eventual campaign for elections to the state legislature by recruiting candidates, as well as to build their overall platform for those elections around the Patriots' state level Land Act proposal.

[Donerail]

A SPEECH!
By Gen. James WILKINSON in the Market Square of Pittsburgh, presently of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

Westsylvanians!

Know that I do not fear the name. The laws of this present Commonwealth may exact a harsh punishment for daring to utter that word, may punish that word with death, but I do not fear that law. I obey the natural law, by which God has caused men to be born free and equal in rights, and to remain equals in rights, no matter the particular disposition of ephemeral States. Among these rights, perhaps the most precious among them, is the free communication of ideas and of opinions. The government in Philadelphia claims to recognize this right, as its Constitution states that all people have not merely a right to freedom of speech, but to writing, and to publishing their sentiments, without restriction.

And yet the present government in Philadelphia shows little regard for its own Constitution. As I speak, the editors and publishers of the Western Herald have been confined to their homes under the threat of force, simply for exercising those rights which Almighty God and the Pennsylvania Constitution guarantee to all men. Their sentiments, it appears, were offensive to a handful of men in positions of power -- these men, under the leadership of one Benjamin Franklin, have declared that the freedom of the press, one of the great bulwarks of liberty, does not apply to sentiments with which they disagree.

I invite the people of Pittsburgh, and of Pennsylvania and of the world, to listen closely to those sentiments, and judge for yourselves whether or not they are a grievous threat to established Law and Order, or merely the same feelings which animated our recent Revolution.

The people of Westsylvania presently find themselves under the rule of a government in Philadelphia which has proven itself apathetic at best to those peculiar necessities and local circumstances which prevail in the Western portion of the Commonwealth over which it rules. As a result of these circumstances of geography, the people have patiently and quietly agitated for a separate, distinct and independent state, west of the Allegheny Mountains. Their goal in doing so is merely to create a republican form of government, capable of speedily redressing the grievances of the public, without requiring an arduous journey or competition with numerous Eastern interests.

I personally raised these concerns with Benjamin Franklin himself, and the government in Philadelphia initially appeared receptive to these concerns. Mr. Franklin proposed a compromise, by which the capital would be moved westwards from Philadelphia. I believed this to be a just solution, and appreciated that the government appeared so responsive to the concerns of its western constituents. Yet, almost as soon as these terms were agreed to, Mr. Franklin published in the Pennsylvania Gazette an article claiming that the movement of the capital was only agreed to because of the "near-guarantee of armed conflict in our Western frontier." What had been negotiated as an honorable response to the yearning of the people for a republican government was, in Mr. Franklin's view, an unfortunate compromise to those savage people he had the unfortunate duty of governing!

If his own words are not enough to convince you of the contempt in which he holds the people of Westsylvania, let the recent actions of his legislature stand as testament. Immediately upon learning that certain inhabitants of this state were dissatisfied with the nature of his compromise, his legislature revoked the legislation — which never took full effect — and shifted the capital back to their seat of power in Philadelphia. Moreover, they even now endeavor to circulate propaganda, aimed to convince the people of the east that the people of Westsylvania are not their equals as men, but rather a savage and backward people, undeserving of the basic self-governance to which all men are entitled.

It is this government, which has so thoroughly and manifestly expressed its contempt for the people of Westsylvania, that now endeavors to imprison men in their own homes, merely for recounting the actions of said government, and expressing their wish for a republican government that would respect the liberty of the people. The freedom of all people to publish their sentiments, enshrined in the Constitution of Pennsylvania and guaranteed by God to all men, is of little concern to the present government in Philadelphia. My friends, there is a name for rulers who declare themselves unbound by their own constitutions, who declare themselves in opposition to those rights with which Almighty God has seen fit to endow us. The term for such men is TYRANT, and is now clear that the present King of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, has placed himself in that category.

It brings me no little grief to recognize that there are those among my countrymen, who wish to deprive the people of this land of the liberty for which they valiantly fought and honorably bled. Today, we face the greatest challenge our young nation has faced in its history: whether a government which tramples upon the fundamental right of the people to speak freely without fear, which aims to strike so grievously against the involable core of our Revolution, may be permitted to persist in its abuses of liberty -- or whether the fundamental right to liberty and self-determination may prevail, in Pennsylvania and on this Earth.

In closing, I seek only to remind the people of Pittsburgh and Westsylvania, of the fifth clause of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. This Constitution restates a fundamental truth: that government ought to be instituted for the common benefit of the people, and not for the particular advantage of any sort of men. The community, moreover, hath an indubitable, unalienable and indefeasible right to reform, alter, or abolish government, in such manner as it judges most conductive to the public weal.

My friends, it is clear through both word and action that the present government in Philadelphia exists for the particular advantage of the eastern portion of the Commonwealth. I urge the people of Westsylvania to exercise their right guaranteed by the Constitution and redouble their efforts to construct a government of Westsylvania that will finally guarantee the fundamental liberties enjoyed by all men, which until now have been so cruelly denied to the people of Westsylvania.

[Lumine]

General Wilkinson arrested!

Pennsylvanian Government arrests Western Leader for treason, Western Pennsylvania up in arms

PITTSBURG - With tensions in Pennsylvania at an all time high, many felt it would only take another disturbance to open Pandora's Box. And sure enough, one man was willing to risk the odds. Taking his case to the Pittsburgh Market Square it was General James Wilkinson who delivered a blistering speech against the Pennsylvanian Government and the Radicals of Benjamin Franklin by branding them as tyrants, defending the concept behind Westsylvania and attempting to rally the people to his cause. For the most part he was successful as many cheered for the General, but a significant part of citizens - many of them linked to the business community and the East of the state - looked with skepticism.

For the Governor of Pennsylvania this was the final straw, and upon the advice of his political faction an arrest warrant was sent for the General after committing treason under Pennsylvanian law. The federal marshals - along with a small group of soldiers - soon arrived at the area and a skirmish broke out between the General's supporters and the armed escort. After bitter firing and upon the soldiers being forced to fire their weapons, two soldiers and seven supporters of Mr. Wilkinson lay dead on the ground as the general was dragged to a carriage. Chased by an angry mob within Pittsburgh, the federal marshal and his escort barely escaped to take the General to jail.

As the group rode their way to Philadelphia and to the safety, the Westsylvania region decided enough was enough. As several Pennsylvanian officials were attacked, whipped and in some cases tarred and feathered, groups of armed militiamen have gathered and taken control of several frontier towns, isolating pro-government forces at Pittsburgh - where they sit uneasy as the local population is mostly hostile -. Western Pennsylvania is at the brink of full-scale rebellion as Eastern Pennsylvanians cheer for Mr. Franklin and the Governor, jeering at the carriage carrying the imprisoned General Wilkinson as he approaches Philadelphia.

[Lumine]

Radical faction faces defections!

Nicholas Gilman leads the Radical New Hampshire bastion into political independence

PHILADELPHIA - The immediate aftermath of the arrest of Secretary of War Wilkinson by the Pennsylvanian Radicals sent large shockwaves across the National Assembly due to the dramatic news of seeing one of their fellow deputies arrested for treason. While responses from the Government and the factions are expected, one daring politician already took matters into his own hands. Shortly after the announcement that stunned the Assembly, leading Radical politician Nicholas Gilman stood up from his seat and denounced the arrest of General Wilkinson, stating that he could not in good conscience continue being a member of the Radical faction.

Crossing the floor as an independent, he was shortly followed by the other New Hampshire Radical deputy - a follower of Gilman and his political machine -, and soon the split reached the Senate (where the New Hampshire Radical senator announced his defection as well) and New Hampshire itself, as the Governor and the legislature took sides with Mr. Gilman, all of them becoming independents for the time being. The authority of Mr. Franklin and the standing of the Radical faction has taken a sharp blow outside of Pennsylvania - where the Radicals remain popular in the east of the state -, although the Radical deputy remaining in Massachusetts has vowed not to abandon Mr. Franklin.

NATIONAL ASSEMBLY:

Democratic Republican: 15
Hamiltonian: 15
Patriot: 11
Whig: 9
Western: 7 (one under arrest)
Independent: 4 (+2)
Radical: 2 (-2)
Tory: 2

[Lumine]

Scandal in Pennsylvania!

Press leaks in Pennsylvania implicate Madison with failed request to liberate Gen. Wilkinson

PHILADELPHIA - Right as the issue of Westsylvania takes full protagonism across the nation amidst the riots and revolts in Western Pennsylvania and the arrest of Secretary of War James Wilkinson it seems the situation is just growing more and more chaotic as time goes by.

Just as Patriot Leader James Jackson delivered an impassionate speech on the National Assembly in support of Westsylvania and against the Radical government in Pennsylvania several newspapers hit Pennsylvania and then most of the nation with a stunning revelation leaked to the press by what most people believe to be pro-Radical elements: that First Secretary James Madison had allegedly tried to pressure the Pennsylvanian government to immediately release Gen. Wilkinson and then demand special extralegal protections for his government and cabinet in an attempt to circumvent the law and act as if they are above it. The news came with an anoymous warning that Mr. Wilkinson would see himself facing a court, and that no Deputy could be considered above the law.

The news have had a highly polarizing effect within Pennsylvania, Congress Hall and the nation itself. There were many, particularly southerners and even the Western Pennsylvania rebels who cheered at the First Secretary for standing up for Wilkinson against Radical tyranny, just as there were others, many of them across the north and particularly in Eastern Pennsylvania who denounced the First Secretary by apparently attempting to go over the law. With the Pennsylvanian deputies under heavy pressure by the Radicals to take a stand - the Hamiltonians and the Whig waiting for word from Mr. Hamilton, Mr. Morris and Mr. Adams -, these revelations have seemingly redirected all anger from the rebels towards the Radicals alone and not the Federal Government, while turning Madison and his supporters heavily unpopular and even toxic within Philadelphia itself.

[wxtransit]

FS Madison's Schedule
for Winter and Spring 1790

While FS Madison spent most of his time debating and advocating for measures in Parliament, he did take a break during the winter to build up structure for the Republican faction in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, and New Jersey, the states closest to Parliament. Along the way, he made a string of speeches covering accomplishments of his government, touting measures passed such as the Declaration of Rights and the Plebiscite Amendment, to boost and maintain the government's popularity. On his tour, Madison personally met with as many citizens as possible. During the spring, FS Madison took another quick tour of the nation, again touting recent accomplishments, but this time occurring in his home state of Virginia.

[Lumine]

Commonwealth v. Wilkinson

Gen. Wilkinson released after symbolic trial, suspicions of bargain with Radicals

PHILADELPHIA - After heavy speculation over the fate of Western Leader Gen. James Wilkinson, the trial of Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. James Wilkinson was to begin at last. Many expecting conviction by the Radical-friendly jury and court and even a possible death sentence for Gen. Wilkinson despite his high status as Secretary of War, it was curious for many to see on the eve of the trial a publication by the General condemning violence and calling for talks after his earlier - and highly risky - speeches to Western Pennsylvanians, even if the announcement itself particularly condemned the actions of Eastern Pennsylvania militias.

It was even more stunning to the state itself when Gen. Wilkinson was brought to trial in an affair which lasted little more than a couple of hours. Many feared the worst as the jury emerged back from their isolated quarters and announced the GUILTY veredict, only for the court to announce that the punishment chosen for the General was a fine of $1. The news, notably unexpected given the level of political tension and violence, led to mixed reactions even as most of the nation breathed a collective sigh of relief. Western Pennsylvanians, while pleased with the release of the General, now eye him suspiciously over whispers of a deal between the Radicals and the Western Leader. And Eastern Pennsylvanians, still grieving their fallen Governor, reacted angrily to the outcome of the trial and vowed to take revenge.

Pennsylvania at war, Radicals pursue reforms

Fierce battle for Pittsburgh after talks fall apart, Eastern militias gain upper hand

PENNSYLVANIA - As the events already mentioned were taken place the incoming Governor - widely seen as close to Mr. Franklin - and his Radical supporters began significant legislative efforts at the state assembly towards two crucial pieces of legislation: on the first place was an immediate attempt to ban the practice of duel in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, which passed despite a significant majority displaying their opposition to the ban. Far more controversial was an attempt to pass a Constitutional Amendment that would make support for secession treason, and which has featured several non-Radical deputies heavily pressued by anti-Westsylvanian sentiment in Eastern Pennsylvania to pass the amendment - particularly by rabid press articles attacking Madison for "tolerating the murder of the Governor" and Jackson as a murdered who should stand trial. At the moment the Radicals may be close to gaining the support of 3/5 of the state legislature based on this pressure, but whether they'll achieve the 2/3 threshold is another matter.

As this was happening, Colonel (and Leader of the Opposition) Alexander Hamilton had offered his services to the federal government to enter the conflicted zones of Pennsylvania and seek the militias to have them stand down and avoid violence. His early efforts were met with success given his reputation and the benefit of having been close to the late General Washington, getting some Eastern Pennsylvanians in the south-west to stand down, and managing to lower the tensions within Pittsburgh by having several Western militiamen stand down as well. But it was precisely on Pittsburgh that the situation grew worse still. Eastern Pennsylvanian militias, having learned of the collapse of the Madison talks and wanting revenge after the death of the Governor and the release of Wilkinson gathered near Pittsburgh and prepared to strike and seize the town to inflict a crippling blow to the Westsylvanian cause. Having somehow recieved key information about the terrain and with some officers turning a blind eye, the militias converged on the town to demand the Westsylvanian men to withdraw, and upon being shot at in response a fiery battle emerged for control of the town.

After a bloody, fiery afternoon the Eastern Pennsylvanians overcame the resistance of the Westsylvanians and the local population to seize control of the burning town. Colonel Hamilton managed to escape to Philadelphia with the surviving half of his entourage, bruised but not seriously injured. With civil war having virtually broken out across parts of Pennsylvania, outraged Westsylvanians have formally expressed their belief that the State Government is allowing the militias to act without any control.

Kentucky: The Fourteenth State:

By-elections to the National Assembly and statewide elections to be held by the end of 1790

LEXINGTON - With a debate which notably saw all factions to agree to the idea of the Commonwealth of Kentucky becoming the fourteenth state, the National Assembly and the Senate passed the necessary bill to turn the region into the United State's newest addition by separating it from Virginia. As a result immediate elections must be held, in which the Governor, State Legislature (and therefore two Senate seats) will be elected and in which two by-elections will determine Kentucky's representatives to the Natonal Assembly in the seats of Allegheny and Louisville-Frontier. Given the state's strong support for the institution of slavery and the influence of the Westsylvania debate many believe a strong fight between Patriots and Westerners will take place, but don't rule out other factions making a respectable stand as well.

Bill of Rights ratified!

Enough states vote to ratify Amendments I through XX

PHILADELHPIA - In more peaceful news, after a year of debate on the various state governments over the large series of amendments passed by the National Assembly (twenty in total, known as the Bill of Rights), Amendments I through XX have finally been ratified by enough states to become a part of the United States Constitution. Their passage constitutes a major victory for the Government and their vision of America, and a much needed morale boost to the conflicted Madison Government after the rising chaos in Pennsylvania and the apparent inability of the First Secretary to put an end to the strife.

[terp40hitch]

Actives for James Gunn for 1790

January to March: Since James Gunn was named the chair of the Patriot faction in Georgia he spent much of his time in Georgia while free of his duties in the National Assembly. Gunn meet with the Patriot's state leadership which was state legislators, the senators, governor, and the two other deputies. Gunn started building the statewide organization for the faction. In Georgia, Gunn spent much of his time in Wilkes since he sees that as the most vulnerable deputy.

April to June: Gunn still spent time in Georgia but spent much more time in Virginia and North Carolina. In those states, Gunn was advocating for creating Franklin and Kentucky and like James Jackson preparing the states for an upcoming election. Gunn hopes that with a new election in Kentucky that the Patriot faction can pick up either a new deputy or a new senator.

July to September: Gunn spent some time in Kentucky again helping to prepare for an upcoming election but while not in Kentucky or at the national assembly, Gunn traveled back to Georgia. Gunn was building his support in Augusta to again win in a landslide like in 1789. Gunn also was campaigning for James Jackson in Savannah.

October to December: Gunn was again all over Georgia while he wasn't in the national assembly discussing bills except for the first two months which was dedicated to the Kentucky election. Gunn spent much of his time in Augusta building the Patriot's Georgia faction headquarters and meeting with the people who elected him so he doesn't lose their support. Gunn did spend some time visiting Savannah and Wilkies building up support for the current deputies in those areas making sure that they can be reelected. Gunn did try to meet with the Governor of Pennsylvania and Ben Franklin to urge that he release the Deputy from Kentucky.

[_]

Announcement from the Publishers of The Patriot Star

With the ratification of the Declaration of Rights, we the publishers of the Patriot Star wish to appeal to the High Constitutional Court in order to strike Pennsylvania's "Treason Law" from their statute.  This legislation threatens to imprison our publishers in the Westsylvania region for advocating for Westsylvania's statehood, a clear violation of the 1st Amendment's protections of Freedom of the Press.  May god bless us with a verdict in favor of the Natural Rights of Man.

[Lumine]

Impeachment in Pennsylvania,
Westsylvania declares secession

Governor Ross impeached by opposition, no replacement is yet to be chosen

PHILADELPHIA - The fall of Pittsburgh not only stunned Pennsylvania and the United States as a whole, it accelerated a process which appeared to grow worse and worse as the year dawned to an end. Following the battle and a refusal by the utterly furious Westsylvanian leaders to accept the idea of remaining part of Pennsylvania, Governor Ross and the Radical faction announced they had no choice but to send the state militia to fight alongside the Eastern Pennsylvania militia and crush the Westsylvania rebellion, leading hundreds of armed men to march towards Pittsburgh and the Westsylvania area amidst the cheers of the anti-seccessionists and the growing concern of the moderates.

In Philadelphia itself, the opposition to the Radical plurality in the State Legislature led to a tense stand-off as the Democratic-Republican, Whig, Hamiltonian and Western representatives announce their joint intention to support Articles of Impeachment against Governor Ross to replace him and put an end to the violence. Radical response - having heard rumours of the plan given the difficulty of coordinating so many different representatives - was immediate in attempting to halt impeachment, withdrawing the Constitutional Amendment on treason and sounding the alarm on the Westsylvanians as being prepared to strike and invade (thus appealing to unity in the crisis). It was to no avail as Ross was impeached by a couple of votes, the Radical Speaker removed before the impeachment vote as well.

The Governor removed from office, it feel to the state legislature to choose the new Governor by proxy by selecting a new Speaker to take over as acting governor, and it was then that coordinated efforts colapsed amongst public outcry at the removal of Governor Ross. Crowds gathered on Pennsylvania and outside the state legislature to protest, and the pressure and lack of agreement on an alternative made it impossible to hold the election. The vote was suspended as many representatives left the building amidst jeers and threats from the crowds, Pennsylvania left without an official authority.

At the west of the state, the militia continued to carry on the orders of Governor Ross as no suitable authority was there to rescind them, leading to the first sustained armed clashes and the death of a handful of eastern militiamen and over two dozen Westsylvanians. Their leaders, beyond aggravation, then took the step that seemed to mark a point of no return. The triumvirate of Major (self proclaimed Major General) James McFarlane, lawyer and fiery orator David Bradford, and famed preacher and author Herman Husband gathered on Redstone Fort to declare their intention: the Westsylvania movement was formally declaring secession from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania - whilst expressing their belief for a process to ensure Westsylvanian lands in Virginia would join with them -, and calling upon First Secretary Madison and his government to protect them from the Eastern Militias.

[Boobs]

"Shamed be the Man"
Benjamin Franklin, old and in frail health, leaves the halls of Congress to join the crowds gathered in protest against the actions of the State Legislature

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[GoTfan]

General Hamilton addresses the men under his command

Alexander Hamilton, newly commissioned as a Major General, addresses the encampment of the force he will take into Pennsylvania

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[Unconditional Surrender Truman]

CALENDAR OF MR. SAMUEL ADAMS
FOR THE YEAR 1790 A.D.

Winter
Returning to Philadelphia from Boston, where he spent the last weeks of the old year, Adams turns away to the north, stopping for a few days in Bennington, and then for half a week in Manchester, the capital of the Vermont Republic, where he meets representatives of the Vermont government. Expressing his hope that the border dispute with New York may be swiftly resolved, clearing the way for Vermont to apply for admission to the Union, Adams offers to personally sponsor Vermont's cause in the National Assembly. His visit also serves to encourage the growth of Whig party organizations in Vermont and to win the support of her leading citizens.

Riding south from Manchester, Adams stops for a few days in Albany, and in the constituencies of New York City & Westchester, and Suffolk & Queens, where he dines with leading citizens and encourages the growth of Whig organizations, before continuing on to Philadelphia. His first weeks in the capitol are devoted to the business of the Foreign Affairs ministry.

Spring
When he is not in the National Assembly, Adams maintains a prolific presence in the press, contributing not only to the Independent Courier, but to other publications in New York and Philadelphia as well, and a regular correspondence with allies throughout New England. While much of his correspondence is to old friends and allies in Massachusetts, he also lends support where he can to organize the Whigs in Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Vermont—as well as outside New England, in Delaware, New Jersey, and New York. As Secretary of Foreign Affairs, he instructs the American ambassadors to Denmark and Portugal to seek commercial agreements with those countries.

Summer
Returning to Boston and Middlesex for a time, Adams sees to his personal affairs and also takes the opportunity to play a more direct role in organizing Whig activities there. In course of this, he meets not only with his fellow Whigs, but also some Radical and Republican leaders, to encourage good will for his faction beyond his most fervent supporters. On his return to Philadelphia, he makes several stops in western Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New York, where he dines with prominent citizens and leaders of the local Whig factions.

Autumn
With news of the burning of Pittsburg and the mutiny of the Pennsylvania militia, Adams' time is almost wholly devoted to the resolution of that crisis. In the Assembly and behind closed doors, he presses for the federal government to act swiftly to suppress the mutiny and restore peace to the Western Counties. As the army is being raised, he inspects the assembling troops on behalf of the government, and calls on General Hamilton, offering him his services.

[Lumine]

Federal troops march into Pennsylvania!

General Hamilton restores order, but at a price

PENNSYLVANIA - Having resigned from the National Assembly and commissioned as a Major General by President Hancock, Alexander Hamilton wasted no time in seeking an end to hostilities across the state of Pennsylvania. Gathering a force of a few thousand men from neighboring states Hamilton and his troops - many of them having the advantage of being Revolutionary veterans - marched into Pennsylvania with relatively high morale after a brief address by Hamiltion and by knowing they had the full support of President Hancock and First Secretary Madison. A small group of 500 hundred men was separated from the main force and sent into Philadelphia itself to protect the State Legislature and disperse protectors, all with express orders of restraint.

This led to tense moments as civilians - angry about what seemed like federal support for Westsylvania - not only insulted but then attacked the soldiers, forcing them to attempt to disperse the crowd and then fire into the air. They managed to get the protestors to disperse and for the State Legislature to finally elect a new Governor (this time a compromise choice in a moderate Democratic-Republican), but the city itself is boiling with anger and resentment towards anti-Radical forces. Not only it is expected for the new Governor to be defeated as soon as an election takes place, some National Assembly deputies have expressed their desire to switch the capital on account of the city's hostility.

Across the countryside Hamilton worked hard across November to achieve the disarmament of militias, and while most of them did surrender and went home, several Eastern and Western militias had little intention to go home in their determination to punish the other side. Several gunfights ensued as Hamilton's veteran force smashed militia group after militia group, yielding a few dozen deaths while avoiding set backs due to a well-coordinated strategy. Matters came to a decisive end at Pittsburgh, where many of the concentrated Eastern militias would not back down. Hamilton was forced to take the city by assault during the night, and the resulting "Second" Battle of Pittsburgh allowed the federal troops to recover the city. Roughly a hundred men - most of them the rebel militias - died in battle.

In the aftermath the Westsylvanian forces under the command of the triunmvirate decided to lay down their arms as well and return home, leaving a small core force to protect the Westsylvanian leadership at Redstone Fort. On this rapid campaign General Hamilton has earned a positive reaction among many - including Westsylvanians - on account of his precise instructions, avoiding civilian casualties and by restoring government control, while coming under harsh fire by others - particularly in eastern Pennsylvania - due to the death of several militiamen. Pennsylvania has been pacified on the surface, but tensions remain high for long as the Westsylvania issue is unresolved. And even if it is, many observers fear of the response by the rest of Pennsylvania given their growing resentment over federal intervention.

[DKrol]

Mr. John Jay spent much time in Philadelphia at work in the National Assembly in 1790.

In September, he made a journey back to New York to campaign for the Tory candidate in the Suffolk & Queen's by-election. His message centered around the economic strength of a strong and well-connected national marketplace with uniform duties and tariffs, as well as the potential benefits of having a positive relationship with the British, the largest economic engine in the world.

In November, to escape the tensions of the Westylvania Crisis, Mr. Jay returned to his home in Westchester County and made a trip to Boston to meet with local merchants.

[wxtransit]

FS Madison's Schedule
for Summer, Fall, and Winter 1790

At the beginning of summer, Madison debated the passage of multiple bills, including the Military and Senate Acts. He spoke in favor of the Tariff Act, as to create a new resource to end the national debt. Soon afterwards, he embarked on a stagecoach tour of New York, New Jersey, and Maryland, setting up political offices in each of the states and conversing with local citizens. As summer turned to fall, Madison returned to the National Assembly, just in time for the Westsylvania Crisis. While the majority of Madison's fall was taken up by this crisis, he did write letters to Republican faction offices in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island, as to boost morale. As the winter months began, he embarked on another tour to boost the Republican profile, this time around the states of Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, establishing more party offices and greeting local citizens.

[Galaxie]

Gouverneur Morris’s Schedule

The Hon. Morris is a busy man. While not on the floor of Congress, tirelessly fighting for the American people, he has been establishing Hamiltonian political infrastructure across the north and west. Working with local supporters, field offices have been drafted and created in each district of Congress, stretching from Kentucky northward to Maine. State offices for the Hamiltonian party have also been established, which consult with both the national and local parties on strategy and organization. All branches of the party are free to run organizational measures (with guidance from higher branches), as well as media efforts (with national-level pamphlets and Federalist releases distributed to each state).

Mr. Morris has personally visited Kentucky and the Westsylvania region (following Hamilton’s triumph there) to meet with Americans on the Western Frontier and discuss the Hamiltonian vision. The seat of Suffolk & Queens has also been frequented by Morris, who both meets with business leaders and frequents local pubs to chat it up with voters. Similar visits have been made in the greater North, with all other deputies of the party advised to visit neighboring districts to further the faction’s message.

[_]

Activites of James Jackson for July-November 1790

July-September 1790:  Mr. Jackson, while in exile from the National Assembly, spent most of this time either writing letters to Patriot Deputies on his opinion of legislation in the Assembly, or writing of the crisis in Westsylvania, throughout which he urged the Government to allow the people of Westsylvania to have a referendum on statehood as they deserved.  In the spare time he had he continued to exchange letters with new Patriot organizations throughout the Southern states, particularly in Franklin and Kentucky.  In his letters to Kentucky's Organization he urged preparation for the coming election campaign there, as well as a finalization of candidate selection.  In his letters to Franklin's Organization, he urged the Organization to continue organizing for Statehood, as well as build up the Organization and recruit supporters and potential candidates for Franklin's eventual elections.

October-November 1790:  Mr. Jackson campaigns in the Kentucky By-Elections for Patriot candidates in the State running for the State Legislature, Governor, and National Assembly.  In what little spare time he has during the campaigh, he sends letters to the people of Westsylvania, urging them to peacefully negotiate with First Secretary Madison for a referendum on statehood encompassing all of Westsylvania.  In addition, he sends letters to Patriot supporters in Westsylvania to begin creating Patriot associations in Westsylvania towns, as well as begin the formation of a Patriot organization for the rightful state.

[Unknown]

Robert Morris’s Schedule

Robert Morris has been extremely busy. Mr. Morris has been talking to his many business connections raising money and establishing Hamiltonian chapters across the nation. Building connections with printing presses and the Hamiltonian chapters, so Hamiltonian news will be printed and sent out in abundance.

The seat of Suffolk & Queens has also been frequented by Morris; he gave a very passionate speech to the local merchants there. Mr. Morris hosted a huge ball to raise money and to get the name out for the Hamiltonian candidate running for the Suffolk & Queens seat. 

 Mr. Morris has also visited Kentucky to meet with Americans on the Western Frontier to talk to about making sure they are incorporated economically and electorally. He also campaigned for the Hamiltonian candidates giving speeches and giving money to each campaign running.

 Mr. Morris visited the Westsylvania region (following Hamilton’s triumph there) to make sure they were getting treated as fairly as Americans, to guide Merchants on proper techniques on maintaining economics of the area, and to talk about the Hamiltonian message.

 

[Huey Long is a Republican]

Throughout the year, Blount campaigned only for his expanded Franklin idea, hoping to influence the potential state borders.