(do you need a sort for a day that's already before another one?)
Yes, it's called "other one eve." For example, All Hallows Eve (Halloween) proceeds All Hallows Day. The relevant question is, do you need a word for the day that's before the day before another one? Hallows Eve's Eve? Christmas Eve's Eve?
I had no idea that anyone had a special word for October 30, other than October 30, so I looked up. Apparently there's no universal standard, but many terms exist. A cursory internet search turned up Mischief Night, Goosey Night, Hell Night, Cabbage Night, Gate Night, Devil's Night, Devil's Eye, Trick Night, and Mat Night, among others.
I do think you're probably right in your analysis of Michigan. Take a look at this map from a Harvard linguistics department study:
Although it would not explain my affinity for Michiganspeak over other parts of the upper midwest. I've only spent the night in the state once. I wasn't there long enough to pick up on Devil's Night.